Carbohydrate MCQs : This section focuses on the "Carbohydrate". These Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) should be practiced to improve the Carbohydrate skills required for various interviews (campus interview, walk-in interview, company interview), placement, entrance exam and other competitive examinations.
Question 1
How many ATP equivalents per mole of glucose input are required for gluconeogenesis?
A. 2
B. 6
C. 8
D. 4
Question 2
Gluconeogenesis uses
A. 3 ATPs and 2 GTPs per glucose
B. 2 ATPs and 1 GTPs per glucose
C. 3 ATPs and 3 GTPs per glucose
D. 4 ATPs and 2 GTPs per glucose
Question 3
Which of the following compounds is responsible for coordinated regulation of glucose and glycogen metabolism?
A. NAD+
B. Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate
C. Acetyl-CoA
D. Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
Question 4
Which of the following is carried out when cAMP functions as a second messenger?
A. Acts second in importance to AMP
B. Activates all cytosolic protein kinases
C. Activates the cAMP-dependent protein kinase
D. Acts outside the cell to influence cellular processes
Question 5
Which of the following can act as precursors for gluconeogenesis?
A. Lactate
B. Glycerol
C. Alanine
D. All of these
Question 6
The production or break down of __________ is often coupled with the metabolic reactions of biosynthesis and catabolism.
A. aspirin
B. DNA
C. ATP
D. CO2
Question 7
Saliva contains all of the following except
A. hormones
B. amylase
C. bacteria-killing enzymes
D. antibodies
Question 8
The main site for gluconeogenesis is
A. kidney
B. liver
C. brain
D. muscle
Question 9
Gluconeogenesis is the
A. formation of glycogen
B. breakdown of glucose to pyruvate
C. breakdown of glycogen to glucose
D. synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors
Question 10
Which of the following is not involved in the biosynthesis of DNA?
A. Energy from ATP
B. Mononucleotides
C. Carbonic anhydrase
D. Enzymes
Question 11
Storage polysaccharide made by animals is
A. amylopectin
B. glycogen
C. cellulose
D. collagen
Question 12
Humans are unable to digest
A. starch
B. complex carbohydrates
C. denatured proteins
D. cellulose
Question 13
What is present in the stomach to prevent self-digestion?
A. Mucus
B. acid
C. Enzymes
D. hormones
Question 14
Two major products of pentose phosphate pathway are
A. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and ribose 5-phosphate
B. flavine adenine dinuclueotide and glucose 5-phosphate
C. FAD and CoA
D. NADPH and NAD
Question 15
In lysozyme catalysis, which of the following does not contribute?
A. The abnormally high pKa of Glu35
B. The strained conformation of the D sugar
C. Formation of a covalent intermediate at Asp52
D. Formation of a covalent intermediate at Ser195
Question 16
Hexokinase activity in glycolysis is inhibited by
A. glucose 6- phosphate
B. fructose 6-phosphate
C. fructose 1,6 biphosphate
D. phosphofructokinase
Question 17
Hydrolysis of lactose yields
A. galactose and fructose
B. galactose and glucose
C. glucose and fructose
D. fructose and galactose
Question 18
Fructose is metabolized by
A. fructose 1-phosphate pathway
B. fructose 6-phosphate pathway
C. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate pathway
D. both (a) and (b)
Question 19
A catabolic intermediate which stimulates phosphofructokinase would stimulate
A. gluconeogenesis
B. glycolysis
C. glycogen synthesis
D. none of these
Question 20
Gluconeogenesis requires a higher amount of ATP equivalents as compared to that produced by glycolysis because
A. gluconeogenesis releases energy as heat
B. glycolysis releases energy as heat
C. glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria while gluconeogenesis occurs in the cytosol
D. all of the above
Question 21
a-amylose is similar to
A. β-sheets
B. β-turned coils
C. α-helices
D. the hydrophobic core
Question 22
Cellulose fibers resemble with the protein structure in the form of
A. β-sheets
B. α-helices
C. β-turns
D. None of these
Question 23
Boat and chair conformations are found
A. in pyranose sugars
B. in any sugar without axial -OH groups
C. in any sugar without equatorial -OH groups
D. only in D-glucopyranose
Question 24
Citric acid accumulation would
A. stimulate phosphofructokinase activity
B. stimulate fructose 1,6 diphosphatase activity
C. inhibit phosphofructokinase activity
D. both (b) and (c)
Question 25
Insulin
A. stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
B. stimulates gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycolysis
C. inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
D. inhibits gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis
Question 26
The glycosidic bond
A. in maltose is not hydrolyzed in lactose intolerant humans
B. in sucrose is hydrolyzed by bees
C. joins glucose and fructose to form sucrose
D. both (b) and (c)
Question 27
The cells dependent solely on glucose as an energy source are
A. muscle cells
B. brain cells
C. kidney cells
D. liver cells
Question 28
Under aerobic condition pyruvate is converted by pyruvate dehydrogenase to
A. phosphoenol pyruvate
B. acetyl CoA
C. lactate
D. glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
Question 29
Which of the following is not a disaccharide?
A. Amylose
B. Cellobiose
C. Lactose
D. None of these
Question 30
The sugar which forms major component of nucleic acids is
A. ribose
B. galactose
C. mannose
D. maltose
Question 31
Which of the following statements about the energy needs of cells is false?
A. Without a continuous input of energy, cell disorder will increase
B. The laws of thermodynamics force cells to acquire energy
C. Many cellular reactions have an associated activation energy
D. The most usable energy for cells comes from the rapid combustion of glucose
Question 32
During vigorous exercise, pyruvate produced by glycolysis is converted to
A. acetate
B. lactate
C. monosodium phosphate
D. pyruvic acid
Question 33
The NAG6 substrate is hydrolyzed by human lysozyme to form
A. 6 glucosamines + 6 acetic acids
B. NAG4 + NAG2
C. NAG3 + NAG3
D. NAG3
Question 34
The conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate
A. requires biotin
B. involves the fixation of carbon dioxide
C. occurs in the mitochondria
D. all of the above
Question 35
Pyruvate is initially converted to which of the following in the gluconeogenesis?
A. Glycerol
B. Phosphoenol pyruvate
C. Oxaloacetate
D. Acetyl CoA
Question 36
The conversion of pyruvate to lactate is catalysed by
A. pyruvate carboxylase
B. lactate dehydrogenase
C. pyruvate dismutase
D. pyruvate decarboxylase
Question 37
A common way that cells capture the energy released during the breakdown of large molecules is to add electrons to smaller, specialized molecules that can accept them. This process of electron acceptance is otherwise known as
A. biosynthesis
B. metabolism
C. reduction
D. catalysis
Question 38
Glucagon and epinephrine
A. inhibits gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis
B. stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
C. stimulates gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycolysis
D. inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
Question 39
The ultimate source of energy that sustains living systems is
A. glucose
B. oxygen
C. sunlight
D. carbon dioxide
Question 40
Which of the following would be considered a part of metabolism?
A. Biosynthetic pathways that build DNA
B. Catabolic pathways that break down complex carbohydrates
C. The capture of light energy for use in making glucose
D. All of the above
Question 41
A molecule of amylopectin which contains 1500 glucose residues and is branched after every 30 residues. How many reducing ends are there?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 5
Question 42
Carbohydrates are also known as___________
A. Hydrates of carbon
B. Carbonates
C. Glycolipids
D. Polysaccharides
Question 43
Class of carbohydrate which cannot be hydrolyzed further, is known as?
A. Disaccharides
B. Polysaccharides
C. Proteoglycan
D. Monosaccharide
Question 44
Mark the INCORRECT statement about sugar alcohol?
A. Addition of -itol as a suffix
B. A linear molecule that cannot cyclize
C. Carbonyl groups reduced to a hydroxyl group
D. Terminal -OH group oxidizes
Question 45
Name the major storage form of carbohydrates in animals?
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Glycogen
D. Starch
Question 46
What is the name of the drug which inhibits Na+/K+ pump across the cell membrane?
A. Taxol
B. Vinblastine
C. Quinone
D. Ouabain
Question 47
Which class of carbohydrates is considered as non-sugar?
A. Monosaccharides
B. Disaccharides
C. Polysaccharides
D. Oligosaccharides
Question 48
Which of the following amino sugar are present in the bacterial cell wall?
A. N-acetylmuramic acid
B. Sialic acid
C. Aminoglycoside
D. Azide
Question 49
Which of the following is also known as invert sugar?
A. Sucrose
B. Fructose
C. Dextrose
D. Glucose
Question 50
Which of the following glycosidic linkage found in maltose?
A. Glucose (α-1 – 2β) Fructose
B. Glucose (α1 – 4) Glucose
C. Galactose (β1 – 4) Glucose
D. Glucose (β1 – 4) Glucose