Fertiliser Technology MCQs : This section focuses on the "Fertiliser Technology". These Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) should be practiced to improve the Fertiliser Technology skills required for various interviews (campus interview, walk-in interview, company interview), placement, entrance exam and other competitive examinations.
Question 1
Nitrogen content in ammonium sulphate (a fertiliser) is around __________ percent.
A. 5
B. 20
C. 50
D. 65
Question 2
H₄P₂O₇ is the chemical formula of __________ phosphoric acid.
A. Pyro
B. Ortho
C. Meta
D. None of these
Question 3
Catalyst used in the manufacture of NH₃ by Haber's process is finely divided
A. Nickel
B. Iron
C. Vanadium pentoxide
D. Alumina
Question 4
Tricresyl phosphate is chemically represented as
A. (CH₃ C₆ H₄)₃ PO₄
B. Ca₁₀(PO₄)3F₆
C. (NH₄)₂HPO₄
D. NH₄H₂PO₄
Question 5
Electric furnace method for production of phosphorous uses phosphate rock
A. And phosphoric acid
B. And coke
C. And sulphuric acid
D. Silica and coke
Question 6
Catalyst used in ammonia synthesis uses __________ as a promoter.
A. Pt
B. K₂O
C. Al2O₃
D. Ni
Question 7
C/H ratio (by weight) of naphtha used in nitrogenous fertiliser making is about
A. 2
B. 6
C. 13
D. 20
Question 8
P₂O₅ content in triple superphosphate is about __________ percent.
A. 42-50
B. 15-20
C. 85-90
D. 70-75
Question 9
Which of the following is the costliest method for commercial production of hydrogen for ammonia synthesis?
A. H? separation from coke oven gas
B. Steam reforming of naphtha
C. Cracking of natural gas
D. Electrolysis of water
Question 10
Use of catalyst is a must in the ammonia manufacture, because the reaction is reversible as well as the heat of dissociation of N₂ & H₂ is high. The presence of promoter along with the catalyst helps in __________ of the catalyst.
A. Stabilisation
B. Increasing the effectiveness
C. Improving the strength & heat resistance
D. All of the above
Question 11
The most suitable fertiliser for accelerating seeding or fruit formation in later stages of plant growth is __________ fertiliser.
A. Nitrogenous
B. Phosphatic
C. Potassic
D. None of these
Question 12
Naphtha in a fertiliser plant is used as a source of
A. Fuel
B. H₂
C. N₂
D. O₂
Question 13
Which of the following is a natural inorganic fertiliser?
A. Chile salt petre
B. Oilcake
C. Gobar mannure
D. None of these
Question 14
Triple superphosphate is chemically represented as
A. CaF₂.3Ca₃(PO₄)₂
B. 3Ca₃(PO₄)₂
C. Ca(PO₃)₂
D. Ca(H₂PO₄)₂
Question 15
Which of the following fertilisers is required for the development of fibrous materials of the plants and of the sugar of vegetable & fruits?
A. Nitrogenous fertilisers
B. Phosphatic fertilisers
C. Potassic fertiliser
D. None of these
Question 16
Raw materials for nitric acid manufacture are
A. Hydrogen peroxide, air and water
B. Anhydrous ammonia and air
C. Anhydrous ammonia, air and water
D. Wet ammonia, air and water
Question 17
Ammonium nitrate (a fertiliser) is coated with limestone powder to
A. Increase its nitrogen content
B. Cut down its production cost
C. Avoid the risk of explosion
D. Add extra nutrient as fertiliser
Question 18
Which is the best fertiliser for paddy?
A. Ammonium sulphate
B. Nitro-phosphate
C. Superphosphate
D. Potassium nitrate
Question 19
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. All the nitrogenous fertilisers are not soluble in water
B. A straight fertiliser contains only one nutrient
C. Calcium cynamide is used as weed killer in onion fields
D. The phosphorous nutrient makes the plant stem stronger and increases its branches
Question 20
Monte catini process is used for the manufacture of
A. Nitric acid
B. Phosphoric acid
C. Urea
D. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
Question 21
Hydrogen is recovered from coke oven gas on commercial scale (as practised in fertiliser plant at Rourkela) by
A. Adsorption on palladium
B. Cryogenic operations (low temperature cooling)
C. Absorption (using ethanolamine or pyragalloll solution)
D. None of these
Question 22
Base suspension fertiliser essentially contains
A. 13% N2 and 43% P2O5
B. 43% N2 and 13% P2O5
C. 43% N2 and 13% K2O
D. 43% K2O and 43% P2O5
Question 23
Catalyst used in the manufacture of NH3 by Haber's process is finely divided
A. nickel
B. iron
C. vanadium pentoxide
D. alumina
Question 24
Oxidation of ammonia is
A. Exothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Non-catalytic
D. Autocatalytic
Question 25
Which of the following does not come under the category of 'micro-nutrient' for plant growth?
A. Chlorine
B. Iron
C. Boron
D. Carbon
Question 26
pH value of soil is maintained at __________ by the addition of fertiliser for optimum growth and health of the plant.
A. 4-5
B. 7-8
C. 9-10
D. 12-13
Question 27
Reaction of orthophosphoric acid with soda ash produces
A. sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP)
B. tricresyl phosphate
C. tributyl phosphate
D. nitrophosphate
Question 28
In the manufacture of orthophosphoric acid by strong H₂SO₄ leaching wet process, keeping the reactor temperature above 100°C, results in the formation of undesriable
A. CaSO₄ .½H₂O and CaSO₄ crystals
B. Pyrophosphoric acid
C. Metaphosphoric acid
D. All of the above
Question 29
Ammonia synthesis gas is produced from natural gas by
A. thermal cracking
B. steam reforming
C. partial oxidation
D. hydrogenation
Question 30
The composition of fresh feed to the high temperature, high pressure urea autoclave is
A. Excess liquid ammonia and liquefied CO₂
B. Excess liquid ammonia and compressed CO₂ gas
C. Liquid ammonia and excess compressed CO₂
D. Compressed ammonia gas and excess compressed CO₂
Question 31
The concentration (weight %) of nitric acid produced by the oxidation of ammonia and absorption of nitrogen oxides with water is about __________ percent.
A. 60
B. 30
C. 95
D. 100
Question 32
With increases in pressure, the conversion of ammonium carbamate into urea
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unaltered
D. Can either increase or decrease depends on biuret content
Question 33
Maximum nitrogen percentage is in
A. Ammonium sulphate
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate
C. Urea
D. Liquid ammonia
Question 34
Ammonium nitrate is
A. Having about 40% N₂
B. Not hygroscopic
C. Not prone to explosive thermal decomposition
D. Mixed with limestone powder to reduce its explosive nature before using it as a fertilizer
Question 35
Electric process as compared to wet process (for the manufacture of phosphoric acid)
A. can use only high grade phosphate rock.
B. is used less frequently.
C. produces a valuable by-product called gypsum.
D. is weak acid process.
Question 36
Rock phosphate constitutes mainly of
A. Fluorapatite
B. Di-calcium phosphate
C. Mono-calcium phosphate
D. Di-ammonium phosphate
Question 37
Reaction of __________ acid with phosphate rock produces superphosphates.
A. Hydrochloric
B. Sulphuric
C. Nitric
D. Phosphoric
Question 38
Which of the following does not come under the category of 'secondary nutrient' for plant growth?
A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Sulphur
D. Oxygen
Question 39
Ammonia synthesis reaction is
A. Exothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Autocatalytic
D. None of these
Question 40
CO₂ present in reformed gas (obtained by steam reforming of naphtha) is removed by absorbing in
A. Mono-ethanolamine (MEA)
B. Slaked lime
C. Ammoniacal liquor
D. Methyl-Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
Question 41
Commercial production of hydrogen for the manufacture of nitrogeneous fertilisers is done by
A. Steam reforming of naphtha and cracking of natural gas
B. Electrolysis of water
C. Cryogenic separation of hydrogen from coke oven gas
D. All of the above
Question 42
Coal based fertiliser plants at Ramagundam (Andhra Pradesh) and Talchar (Orissa)
A. Use coal for heating purpose
B. Gasify coal to get hydrogen from coal gas
C. Use coal as filler in fertiliser
D. Use coal as conditioner in fertiliser
Question 43
Steam reforming of naphtha produces ammonia synthesis gas. This is a/an __________ process.
A. Autocatalytic
B. Endothermic
C. Exothermic
D. Non-catalytic
Question 44
Dehydration of ammonium carbamate produces
A. Urea
B. Biuret
C. Ammonia water
D. None of these
Question 45
Sodium tri poly phosphate (STPP) is manufactured by reaction of phosphoric acid with sodium
A. carbonate
B. phosphate
C. bicarbonate
D. silicate
Question 46
Ammonium nitrate (a fertiliser) is coated with limestone powder to
A. increase its nitrogen content.
B. cut down its production cost.
C. avoid the risk of explosion.
D. add extra nutrient as fertiliser.
Question 47
In the manufacture of H₃ PO₄ (ortho), ; strong H₂ SO₄ leaching wet process as compared to electric furnace process
A. Uses lower grade phosphate rock
B. Requires lower capital investment in the plant
C. Produces lower purity acid
D. Is very costly
Question 48
Heating a mixture of phosphate rock, coke and sand in an electric furnace produces
A. Phosphoric acid
B. Ammonium phosphate
C. Phosphorous
D. Superphosphate
Question 49
Sodium tri poly phosphate (STPP) is chemically represented as
A. Na₅P3O₁₀
B. Na₄P3O₈
C. Na₃P4O₆
D. Na₂PO₄
Question 50
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Yellow phosphorous which is the most reactive allotropic form of phosphorous is transported under water.
B. Apatite is the principal material present in phosphate rock which is chemically Ca10 (PO4)6 (F, Cl, OH).
C. Urea is more hygroscopic than ammonium nitrate.
D. Nitrogen fixation means the process of bringing atmospheric nitrogen into combination i.e. into nitrogen compound form.
Question 51
__________ is required more for leafy crops.
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorous
C. Potassium
D. Carbon
Question 52
Urea is represented as
A. NH₂.CO.NH₂
B. NH₃CO.CH₃
C. NH.CO₂.NH
D. NH₃.CO₂.NH₃
Question 53
Which of the following is not a commercially used feed-stock for the production of ammonia synthesis gas?
A. Water
B. Naphtha
C. Tar
D. Coal/coke oven gas
Question 54
Vetrocoke solution is
A. A mixture of K₂CO₃ and As₂O₃
B. K₂SO₄
C. A mixture of Na₂CO₃ and As₂O₃
D. Na₂SO₄
Question 55
Fertiliser plants get their N₂ requirements
A. By fractionation of liquified air
B. By dissociating oxides of nitrogen
C. From coal gas (coke oven gas)
D. From producer gas
Question 56
Hydrogen content of coke oven gas is __________ percent.
A. 4
B. 22
C. 58
D. 84
Question 57
Fertiliser value of a nitrogeneous fertiliser is expressed in terms of its __________ content.
A. N₂
B. KNO₃
C. NO₂
D. NHO₃
Question 58
During nitric acid manufacture, catalytic oxidation of ammonia at 800°C in presence of platinum catalyst produces nitrogen oxide. Conversion of NH₃ to NO is about __________ percent.
A. 38
B. 68
C. 82
D. 98
Question 59
Liquid ammonia is not used as such a fertiliser in tropical countries like India, because
A. Its N₂ content is very low
B. It is very costly
C. It will evaporate on spraying
D. It is not available
Question 60
Catalyst used in the oxidation of ammonia is
A. Platinum-beryllium
B. Platinum-rhodium
C. Cobalt-molybdenum
D. Platinum-molybdenum
Question 61
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Dehydration of ammonium carbamate to produce urea is endothermic
B. Direct use of liquid ammonia as a fertiliser for a tropical country like India is suitable
C. Gypsum (CaSO₄. 2H₂O) is obtained as a by-product in the wet process for manufacture of ortho-phosphoric acid
D. Phosphate rock when reacted with dilute H₂SO₄ produces superphosphate
Question 62
Nitrogenous fertiliser is required
A. During the early stage of growth to promote development of stem and leaves
B. For accelerating fruit formation in later stage of growth
C. To lessen the effect of excessive potash application
D. None of these
Question 63
Yield of urea can be increased with excess ammonia and higher pressure & temperature, but because of __________ this is normally not done.
A. Increased biuret formation
B. High corrosion rate
C. Increased cost of equipment
D. All of the above
Question 64
NPK fertiliser is a __________ fertiliser.
A. Complex
B. Mixed
C. Nitrogenous
D. Phosphatic
Question 65
Conversion achieved in HNO₃ synthesis with the use of platinum catalyst is about 95-97%. The rate of formation of nitrogen dioxide from the oxidation of nitric acid is favoured by
A. Decreasing the pressure
B. Decreasing the temperature
C. Increasing the temperature
D. None of these
Question 66
During conversion of ammonium carbamate into urea, presence of large excess of water
A. Increases the yield of urea
B. Adversely affects the yield of urea
C. Reduces the evaporator load by diluting the urea solution
D. Does not affect the yield of urea
Question 67
In calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) fertil-ser
A. nitrate nitrogen is quick acting
B. ammoniacal nitrogen is quick acting
C. nitrate nitrogen is slower acting
D. none of these
Question 68
Fertilizer plant getting its hydrogen requirement partly from coke oven gas is situated at
A. Rourkela (under SAIL)
B. Barauni (under HFC)
C. Nangal (under NFL)
D. Talchar (under FCI)
Question 69
Effectiveness of a fertiliser is independent of the
A. Nature of soil
B. Type of crop
C. PH of soil
D. None of these
Question 70
Excessive use of chemical fertilisers causes shrivelling of the roots and wilting of the plant, because the
A. Osmotic pressure of the soil water becomes less than that of the plant sap
B. Soil becomes too alkaline
C. Osmotic pressure of the soil water becomes higher than that of the plant sap
D. Soil becomes too acidic
Question 71
CaH₄(PO₄)₂ is the chemical formula of
A. Superphosphate
B. Triple superphosphate
C. Calcium phosphate
D. Meta phosphoric acid
Question 72
The main constituent of rock phosphate is
A. Mono-calcium phosphate
B. Di-calcium phosphate
C. Fluorspar
D. None of these
Question 73
Main component of bone ash is
A. Calcium sulphate
B. Calcium phosphate
C. Calcium carbonate
D. Sodium phosphate
Question 74
P2O5 content in triple superphosphate is about __________ percent.
A. 42-50
B. 15-20
C. 85-90
D. 70-75
Question 75
Fertiliser plants get their N2 requirements
A. by fractionation of liquified air.
B. by dissociating oxides of nitrogen.
C. from coal gas (coke oven gas).
D. from producer gas.
Question 76
Triple superphosphate which contains about 46% P₂O₅ is produced by the reaction of phosphate rock with ortho phosphoric acid of____percent concentration.
A. 25-28
B. 52-54
C. 75-80
D. > 98
Question 77
Catalyst used in steam reforming of naphtha is
A. Nickel
B. Platinum
C. Silica gel
D. Rhodium
Question 78
Temperature and pressure in urea autoclave is
A. 120°C and 300 atm
B. 190°C and 200 atm
C. 400°C and 550 atm
D. 200°C and 10 atm
Question 79
__________ catalyst is used in the production of urea from CO₂ and NH₃.
A. Vanadium pentoxide
B. No
C. Alumina
D. Nickel
Question 80
Nitrogenous fertiliser is required
A. during the early stage of growth to promote development of stem and leaves.
B. for accelerating fruit formation in later stage of growth.
C. to lessen the effect of excessive potash application.
D. none of these.
Question 81
Vetrocoke solution is
A. a mixture of K2CO3 and As2O3.
B. K2SO4.
C. a mixture of Na2CO3 and As2O3.
D. Na2SO4.
Question 82
Fusion zone in the electric furnace used for reduction of phosphate rock to elemental phosphorous is maintained at __________ °C.
A. 250-300
B. 500-750
C. 950-1050
D. 1400-1450
Question 83
Both white phosphorous as well as red phosphorous
A. Are soluble in CS₂
B. Burns when heated in air
C. Reacts with hot caustic soda solution to give phosphine
D. All of the above
Question 84
Dehydration of ammonium carbamate to yield urea is a/an __________ reaction.
A. Exothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Autocatalytic
D. Catalytic
Question 85
Which fertiliser is made (using coke oven gas) in by products plant of an integrated steel plant?
A. Urea
B. CAN
C. Ammonium sulphate
D. Superphosphate
Question 86
Liquid ammonia and 60% nitric acid reaction (which produces ammonium nitrate) is
A. Exothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Autocatalytic
D. None of these
Question 87
Promoter used in NH₃ synthesis catalyst is
A. K₂O
B. SiO₃
C. V₂O₅
D. U₂O₃
Question 88
Biuret formation in urea is kept at minimum (< 1 %), because it is
A. Corrosive in nature
B. Toxic and harmful to some crops
C. Helpful in decomposition of urea
D. Explosive in nature
Question 89
Reaction of dilute sulphuric acid with phosphate rock produces
A. phosphoric acid
B. superphosphate
C. triple superphosphate
D. gypsum
Question 90
Urea is formed only
A. in liquid phase
B. in vapour phase
C. at very high temperature
D. at very low pressure (vacuum)
Question 91
A nitrogenous fertiliser contains 20% N₂. It could be
A. Ammonium nitrate
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
C. Urea
D. Ammonium chloride
Question 92
Potassic fertilisers
A. Are useful during early stage of the plant growth
B. Stimulate early growth and accelerate seeding
C. Help in development of starches of potatoes and grain
D. None of these
Question 93
Conversion of yellow phosphorus to red phosphorous is done in retorts at 250-450°C in the
A. Presence of an inert atmosphere
B. Presence of a reducing atmosphere
C. Absence of air
D. Presence of an oxidising atmosphere
Question 94
In an ammonia plant, the purge off is essential to
A. Maintain inert gas concentration within a limit
B. Remove excess poisonous gases
C. Maintain H₂ : N₂ ratio at 3 :1
D. Remove uncondensed ammonia vapour
Question 95
Optimum reaction temperature in steam reforming of naphtha is __________ °C.
A. 700 - 1000
B. 300 - 450
C. 1500-1700
D. 100-200
Question 96
Catalytic ammonia synthesis reaction as in Haber's process is
A. Endothermic
B. Exothermic
C. Irreversible
D. None of these
Question 97
A fertiliser contains 82% N₂. It could be
A. Urea
B. Liquid NH₃
C. Ammonium nitrate
D. None of these
Question 98
Ammonium nitrate (is mixed with limestone) is not used as fertiliser as such, because
A. It is hygroscopic and explosive in nature
B. It is highly acidic in nature
C. It is a liquid at room temperature
D. Its nitrogen content is very less
Question 99
Phosphorus vapour comprises of
A. P
B. P₂
C. P₃
D. P₄
Question 100
Conditioners like finely divided peat are added to the fertiliser to
A. Counteract burning
B. Avoid caking & hardening
C. Produce bulk
D. Increase its solubility
Question 101
Lower temperature and large excess of ammonia in urea melt
A. increases biuret formation
B. decreases biuret formation
C. is undersirable
D. does not effect biuret formation
Question 102
Urea is a __________ fertiliser.
A. nitrogenous
B. potassic
C. phosphatic
D. none of these
Question 103
In the manufacture of urea, the intermediate chemical formed is
A. Biuret
B. Ammonium carbamate
C. Ammonium carbonate
D. None of these
Question 104
Chemical formula of biuret is
A. NH₂.CO.NH₂
B. NH₃.COO.NH₃
C. NH₂CONHCONH₂
D. NH₄COONH₂
Question 105
Plant tranquillisers
A. Hold back stem growth and halt plants at a desired height
B. Cause early maturation of plants
C. Accelerate ripening of food and grain
D. Produce seedless fruit
Question 106
Which is a catalyst promoter used in catalytic ammonia synthesis reaction?
A. Al₂O₃
B. Cr₂O₃
C. K₂O
D. MnO
Question 107
Heating of orthophosphoric acid to about 900°C, produces
A. Metaphosphoric acid
B. Pyrophosphoric acid
C. No change in it
D. None of these
Question 108
Action of phosphoric acid on rock phosphate produces
A. superphosphate
B. triple superphosphate
C. nitrophosphate
D. diammonium phosphate
Question 109
Steam reforming of naphtha is a source of hydrogen production for nitrogeneous fertiliser industry. What is the usual ratio of steam to carbon maintained in the process of steam reforming of naphtha ?
A. 1.5:1
B. 3.5:1
C. 10:01
D. 15:01
Question 110
Conditioners like finely divided peat are added to the fertiliser to
A. counteract burning.
B. avoid caking & hardening.
C. produce bulk.
D. increase its solubility.
Question 111
Neutralisation of nitric acid with ammonia to produce ammonium nitrate is a/an __________ reaction.
A. Catalytic
B. Endothermic
C. Exothermic
D. Autocatalytic
Question 112
Red phosphorous is changed into white phosphorous by
A. heating in presence of light.
B. melting under pressure.
C. vaporisation followed by condensation.
D. none of these.
Question 113
Low grade coal is __________ to produce ammonia synthesis gas.
A. Hydrogenated
B. Liquefied
C. Gasified
D. Dehydrogenated
Question 114
Which of the following is the costliest source of hydrogen needed for ammonia manufacture under Indian condition?
A. Electrolysis of water
B. Cryogenic removal of H₂ from coke oven gas
C. Steam reforming of naphtha
D. Natural gas cracking
Question 115
Reaction of orthophosphoric acid with phosphate rock produces
A. Superphosphate
B. Triple superphosphate
C. Metaphosphoric acid
D. Monoammonium phosphate
Question 116
Fauser Monte Catini converter is used for
A. Ammonia synthesis (e.g. at FCI Sindri)
B. Methanation of CO and CO₂
C. Shift conversion (i.e. CO to CO₂)
D. None of these
Question 117
Which one of the following is used as a nitrogenous fertiliser, as a weed killer in the onion fields and for correcting acidic soils?
A. Urea
B. CAN
C. Ammonium sulphate
D. Calcium cyanamide
Question 118
Prilling of urea should be accomplished (in a sprayer) just above the melting point of urea with minimum of retention time, otherwise it will result in
A. Low bulk density product
B. Biuret formation
C. Non-spherical prills
D. Substantially wet non-flowing and sticky product
Question 119
H₃PO₄ is the chemical formula of __________ phosphoric acid.
A. Pyro
B. Ortho
C. Meta
D. None of these
Question 120
Main constituent of phosphate rock is
A. Ammonium phosphate
B. Flour apatite
C. Calcium fluoride
D. Calcium phosphate
Question 121
Phosphoric acid is produced in wet process from phosphate rock and
A. dilute H2SO4
B. concentrated H2SO4
C. concentrated NHO3
D. concentrated HCl
Question 122
Yield of elemental phosphorous from rock phosphate is about __________ percent.
A. 1-2
B. 15-25
C. 40-45
D. 60-65
Question 123
Dehydration of ammonium carbamate (to produce urea) is a/an __________ reaction.
A. reversible
B. catalytic
C. exothermic
D. endothermic
Question 124
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Nitrogen is normally supplied in fertiliser either in ammoniacal or the nitrate form, from which the soil takes it up in the form of ammonium ions or nitrate ions and forms amino acids
B. Calcium present in the fertiliser helps in correcting the soil acidity
C. Particle size range of a good grannular fertiliser is 10-15 mesh and it contains less moisture as compared to finely divided powder form of fertiliser
D. Ammonium nitrate fertiliser is obtained as a by-product in an integrated steel plant having by-product coke ovens
Question 125
Phosphatic fertilisers
A. Are useful during early stage of the plant growth
B. Accelerate fruit formation in later stages of growth
C. Lessen the effect of excessive nitrogen application
D. None of these
Question 126
The optimum size of the ammonia plant is __________ tons/day.
A. 10
B. 100
C. 1000
D. 1000C
Question 127
Which of the following does not come under the category of'primary nutrient' for plant growth?
A. Potassium
B. Nitrogen
C. Phosphorous
D. Sulphur
Question 128
The fertiliser plant getting hydrogen by electrolysis of water is situated at
A. Namrup
B. Nangal
C. Rourkela
D. Korba
Question 129
Though kinetics of ammonia synthesis dictates the use of low temperature for high equilibrium conversion, yet it is kept moderately high (550°C), because at low temperature
A. Rate of reaction is very low
B. Very high pressure is required resulting in costly pressure vessel
C. Space velocity of gas is very low resulting in decreased conversion
D. None of these
Question 130
In __________ converter for ammonia synthesis, the catalyst is arranged in the form of a single continuous bed.
A. Fauser-Monte Catini
B. Claude
C. Udhe
D. Kellog
Question 131
Phosphoric acid is produced in wet process from phosphate rock and
A. Dilute H₂SO₄
B. Concentrated H₂SO₄
C. Concentrated NHO₃
D. Concentrated HCl
Question 132
A fertiliser plant is classified as a gas based fertiliser plant, when it uses __________ gas as a source of hydrogen for the manufacture of ammonia.
A. Coke oven
B. Producer
C. Natural
D. Coal
Question 133
Vapor phase reaction of ammonia & nitric acid to produce ammonium nitrate is termed as the __________ process.
A. Haber's
B. Stengel
C. Le-chatlier's
D. Du-pont's
Question 134
Leaching of phosphate rock by strong __________ acid produces phosphoric acid.
A. Sulphuric
B. Hydrochloric
C. Either A or B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 135
Ammonium sulphate fertiliser is
A. the highest concentration nitrogenous fertiliser.
B. the best fertiliser for paddy.
C. a basic fertiliser.
D. a neutral fertiliser.
Question 136
CO2 present in reformed gas (obtained by steam reforming of naphtha) is removed by absorbing in
A. mono-ethanolamine (MEA)
B. slaked lime
C. ammoniacal liquor
D. Methyl-Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
Question 137
Catalyst used in steam reforming of naphtha is
A. Bauxite
B. Cobalt
C. Nickel oxide on alumina support
D. Chromium
Question 138
__________ is the undesirable by-product produced in the manufacture of urea.
A. Ammonium carbonate
B. Biuret
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Ammonium carbamate
Question 139
Ammonia synthesis gas is produced from fuel oil by
A. Steam reforming
B. Hydrocracking
C. Partial oxidation
D. Hydrogenation
Question 140
Urea is represented as
A. NH2.CO.NH2
B. NH3CO.CH3
C. NH.CO2.NH
D. NH3.CO2.NH3
Question 141
Prilling tower is found in the flowsheet for the manufacture of
A. ammonia
B. urea
C. superphosphate
D. triple superphosphate
Question 142
Conversion of yellow phosphorous to red phosphorous is done by heating it in covered retorts at __________ °C in absence of air.
A. 50-80
B. 250-400
C. 1000-1200
D. 800-900
Question 143
Color of nitric acid is light yellow due to the presence of
A. NO
B. NO₂
C. N₂H₅
D. NH₃
Question 144
Flushing liquor used for cooling coke oven gas constitutes of
A. Ammoniacal liquor
B. K₂CO₃ solution
C. Dilute H₂SO₄
D. Dilute HCl
Question 145
Ammonium sulphate can be produced by reacting gypsum with
A. ammonia
B. ammonium carbonate
C. nitric acid
D. none of these
Question 146
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Loamy soil is the best soil for vigorous plant growth, while the clayey soil is solid and hence the plant roots penetrate with difficulty
B. Large excess use of nitrogenous fertiliser in land causes the problem of diarrhoea and cyanosis
C. Application of large excess of potassic fertiliser in soil increases the valuable carotene in fruits and vegetables
D. Cereal crops grown on alkaline soil absorb higher amount of flourides thereby spreading flourosis
Question 147
Heating of coke, sand & phosphate rock in an electric furnace is done for the manufacture of
A. Phosphoric acid
B. Superphosphate
C. Phosphorous
D. Triple superphosphate
Question 148
NPK means a __________ fertiliser.
A. Mixed
B. Potassic
C. Liquid
D. Solid
Question 149
Liquid ammonia is not used as such a fertiliser in tropical countries like India, because
A. its N2 content is very low.
B. it is very costly.
C. it will evaporate on spraying.
D. it is not available.
Question 150
Commercial fertilisers are available mostly in the form of
A. powder
B. grannules
C. lumps
D. flakes
Question 151
Reaction of calcium fluorapatite with sulphuric acid produces
A. Ortho-phosphoric acid
B. Simple superphosphate
C. Triple superphosphate
D. Red phosphorous
Question 152
Chemical formula of metaphosphoric acid is
A. H₃PO₄
B. H₄P₂O₇
C. HPO₃
D. Same as that of pyrophosphoric acid
Question 153
Steam reforming of naphtha is a source of hydrogen production for nitrogeneous fertiliser industry. What is the usual ratio of steam to carbon maintained in the process of steam reforming of naphtha?
A. 1.5:1
B. 3.5:1
C. 10:1
D. 15:1
Question 154
Reaction of nitric acid and sulphuric acid with phosphate rock produces
A. Nitrophosphate
B. Diammonium phosphate
C. Tricresyl phosphate
D. Tributyl phosphate
Question 155
Catalyst used in Haber's process for ammonia production is
A. reduced iron oxide
B. nickel
C. vanadium pentoxide
D. silica gel
Question 156
Heating of orthophosphoric acid to 250°C produces
A. metaphosphoric acid
B. pyrophosphoric acid
C. no change in it
D. none of these
Question 157
Which of the following gasifiers can be attached to coal based fertiliser plants?
A. Lurgi (high pressure) gasifier
B. Kopper-Totzek gasifier
C. Gasifier working at 20 atm
D. Gasifier working at 40 atm
Question 158
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. All the nitrogenous fertilisers are not soluble in water.
B. A straight fertiliser contains only one nutrient.
C. Calcium cynamide is used as weed killer in onion fields.
D. The phosphorous nutrient makes the plant stem stronger and increases its branches.
Question 159
Reaction of cresylic acid with __________ produces tricresyl phosphate.
A. Phosphorous pentoxide
B. Phosphorous oxychloride
C. Ammonium phosphate
D. Calcium phosphate
Question 160
Out of the following, N₂ content is minimum in
A. Urea
B. Ammonium nitrate
C. Ammonium sulphate
D. Ammonium chloride
Question 161
An increase in the NH₃/CO₂ ratio in urea manufacture results in
A. Increased degree of conversion of CO₂ to urea
B. Decreased degree of conversion of NH₃ to urea
C. Decreased yield of urea
D. Decreased specific volume of molten mass
Question 162
Which of the following set of conditions is favourable for the maximum yield of ammonia by Haber's process?
A. High pressure, low reactants concentration, high temperature
B. High pressure, low reactants concentration, low temperature
C. High pressure, high reactants concentration, low temperature
D. Low pressure, high reactants concentration, low temperature
Question 163
Red phosphorous is changed into white phosphorous by
A. Heating in presence of light
B. Melting under pressure
C. Vaporisation followed by condensation
D. None of these
Question 164
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Green acid' is the other name of phosphoric acid produced by the reaction of phosphate rock & sulphuric acid
B. Chemically unreactive nature of red phosphorous is due to its polymeric structure
C. Red phosphorous is the most reactive allotropic form of phosphorous
D. Red phosphorous, which is used in the manufacture of safety matches, is converted into white phosphorous by vaporisation followed by condensation
Question 165
Iron is not used alone as a catalyst in ammonia synthesis, because
A. Its activity declines rapidly, if heated to above 520°C
B. It decomposes ammonia
C. It gets oxidised above 500°C
D. None of these
Question 166
Ammonium sulphate fertiliser is
A. The highest concentration nitrogenous fertiliser
B. The best fertiliser for paddy
C. A basic fertiliser
D. A neutral fertiliser
Question 167
Nitrogen content of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is __________ percent.
A. 10
B. 25
C. 50
D. 80
Question 168
H3PO4 is the chemical formula of __________ phosphoric acid.
A. pyro
B. ortho
C. meta
D. none of these
Question 169
Urea is a better fertilizer than ammonium sulphate, because
A. It is cheaper
B. Nitrogen content is higher
C. It is not poisonous
D. It is easy to manufacture
Question 170
Which of the following fertilisers is used as a cattle feed?
A. Urea
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate
C. Superphosphate
D. Ammonium sulphate
Question 171
Raw materials required for the production of CAN (Calcium ammonium nitrate) is NH₃
A. HNO₃ & limestone
B. CO₂ & H₂SO₄
C. HNO₃ & NH₄Cl
D. CO₂ & KNO₃
Question 172
__________ is not a fertiliser.
A. Calcium ammonium nitrate
B. Ferrous sulphate
C. Liquid ammonia
D. Ammonium sulphate
Question 173
Nitrolime is
A. Calcium nitrate
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate
C. A mixture of nitric acid and lime
D. A mixture of ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate
Question 174
P₂O₅ content in superphosphate is about __________ percent.
A. 30-35
B. 15-20
C. 65-70
D. 85-90
Question 175
A mixture of phosphate rock __________ is heated in an electric furnace to produce phosphorous.
A. Salt & coke
B. Sand & coke
C. And coke
D. And sand
Question 176
Monte catini process is a widely used process for the manufacture of
A. Urea
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate
C. Triple superposphate
D. None of these
Question 177
Urea (a nitrogeneous fertiliser) is produced from carbon dioxide and
A. Nitric acid
B. Ammonia
C. Ammonium nitrate
D. Nitric oxide
Question 178
Ammonium phosphate is a __________ fertiliser.
A. Nitrogenous
B. Phosphatic
C. Complex
D. Mixed
Question 179
Potassic fertiliser is graded based on its __________ content.
A. KCl
B. K₂O
C. KNO₃
D. K₂SO₄
Question 180
Which of the following nitrogenous fertilisers has the highest percentage of nitrogen?
A. Calcium nitrate
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
C. Urea
D. Ammonium sulphate
Question 181
Gas based fertiliser plants use
A. Natural gas as a source of hydrogen
B. Natural gas as heating medium
C. Coal gas as a source of hydrogen
D. Coal gas as heating medium
Question 182
Base suspension fertiliser essentially contains
A. 13% N₂ and 43% P₂O₅
B. 43% N₂ and 13% P₂O₅
C. 43% N₂ and 13% K₂O
D. 43% K₂O and 43% P₂O₅
Question 183
Raw materials for urea production are
A. CO₂ and N₂
B. CO₂, H₂ and N₂
C. NH₃ and CO
D. HNO₃ and CaCO₃
Question 184
(CH₃ C₆ H₄)₃ PO₄ is the chemical formula of
A. Triple superphosphate
B. Tricresyl phosphate
C. Flourapatite
D. Superphosphate
Question 185
Which of the following solvents is used for the extraction of H₃PO₄ from CaCl₂ solution during manufacture of ortho-phosphoric acid by wet process employing hydrochloric acid leaching?
A. Iso propyl alcohol
B. Butyl alcohol
C. Toluene
D. Hexane
Question 186
5-10-5 fertilisers mean that they contain
A. 5, 10, 5% respectively of N₂, P₂O₅ and K₂O
B. Only 5 to 10% active fertiliser constituents
C. 5 to 10% filler & carrier of soil conditioners
D. None of these
Question 187
Maximum stability of white phosphorous is at
A. Very high pressure
B. Atmospheric pressure
C. Room temperature
D. >600°C
Question 188
Temperature and pressure in ammonia converter is
A. 200 atm, 1000°C
B. 450 atm, 200°C
C. 450 atm, 550°C
D. 450 atm, 1000°C
Question 189
Rock phosphate used for the production of phosphatic fertiliser is mined at
A. Amjhor (Jharkhand)
B. Talchar (Orissa)
C. Bailladella (M.P.)
D. Kiriburu (Bihar)
Question 190
(CH3 C6 H4)3 PO4 is the chemical formula of
A. triple superphosphate
B. tricresyl phosphate
C. flourapatite
D. superphosphate
Question 191
Catalyst used in desulphurisation of naphtha is
A. Co-Mo
B. Pt-Rh
C. Silica gel
D. Nickel
Question 192
Which is the most suitable fertiliser for paddy ?
A. CAN
B. Ammonium sulphate
C. Ammonium nitrate
D. Superphosphate
Question 193
Pick out the correct statement.
A. Reaction of NH₃ with HNO₃ to produce (NH₄)₂NO₃ is endothermic
B. With increase in NH₃/CO₂ ratio, urea yield decreases for a given temperature, pressure and total feed rate
C. Biuret (an intermediate during urea manufacture) is toxic to seeds and animals
D. Both B and C
Question 194
Which is the most suitable fertiliser for paddy?
A. CAN
B. Ammonium sulphate
C. Ammonium nitrate
D. Superphosphate
Question 195
Formation of ammonium carbamate by reaction of NH₃ with CO₂ is a/an __________ reaction.
A. Catalytic
B. Exothermic
C. Endothermic
D. Reversible
Question 196
__________ is the most suitable fertiliser for paddy.
A. Urea
B. Ammonium sulphate
C. Superphosphate
D. Potassium nitrate
Question 197
Which of the following is not a mixed fertiliser?
A. Nitrophosphate
B. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
C. Ammonium phosphate
D. None of these
Question 198
In natural gas, the C/H ratio (by weight) varies in the range of
A. 3-4
B. 8-10
C. 15-17
D. 20-25
Question 199
Electric process as compared to wet process (for the manufacture of phosphoric acid)
A. Can use only high grade phosphate rock
B. Is used less frequently
C. Produces a valuable by-product called gypsum
D. Is weak acid process
Question 200
Which of the following fertilisers contains the least percentage of nitrogen?
A. Liquid ammonia
B. Urea
C. Ammonium phosphate
D. Ammonium sulphate
Question 201
Bio-fertilisers are cheaper, renewable and pollution free. They improve the __________ of the soil.
A. Nutrient supply
B. Texture
C. Water holding capacity
D. All of the above
Question 202
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. 'Green acid' is the other name of phosphoric acid produced by the reaction of phosphate rock & sulphuric acid.
B. Chemically unreactive nature of red phosphorous is due to its polymeric structure.
C. Red phosphorous is the most reactive allotropic form of phosphorous.
D. Red phosphorous, which is used in the manufacture of safety matches, is converted into white phosphorous by vaporisation followed by condensation.
Question 203
Multistage operation (as in the case of catalytic oxidation of SO₂) is not carried out for NH₃ synthesis, because of
A. Comparatively higher pressure drop
B. High cost of the high pressure vessel used for the reactor
C. Higher pumping cost
D. Chances of entrainment and disturbance of catalyst bed
Question 204
Fertiliser produced during soda ash manufacture by dual process is ammonium
A. Chloride
B. Sulphate
C. Nitrate
D. None of these
Question 205
Phosphorus vapour comprises of
A. P
B. P2
C. P3
D. P4
Question 206
Though liquid ammonia itself is a fertiliser (with 82% nitrogen content) yet it is commonly not used as such in a tropical country like India, because it
A. Has a pungent smell
B. Vaporises at normal temperature
C. Is toxic and highly corrosive
D. Is in short supply
Question 207
Reaction of anhydrous liquid ammonia with orthophosphoric acid produces
A. Ammonium phosphate
B. Superphosphate
C. Triple superphosphate
D. None of these
Question 208
Use of catalyst is a must in the ammonia manufacture, because the reaction is reversible as well as the heat of dissociation of N2 & H2 is high. The presence of promoter along with the catalyst helps in __________ of the catalyst.
A. stabilisation
B. increasing the effectiveness
C. improving the strength & heat resistance
D. all a, b & c
Question 209
HPO₃ is the chemical formula of __________ phosphoric acid.
A. Pyro
B. Ortho
C. Meta
D. None of these
Question 210
The essential ingradient of all the synthesis gas is
A. H₂
B. O₂
C. CO₂
D. N₂
Question 211
P₂O₅ percentage in the phosphoric acid produced by wet process is about
A. 10
B. 30
C. 50
D. 70
Question 212
Phosphatic fertiliser is graded based on its __________ content.
A. P₂O₃
B. PCl5
C. P₂O₅
D. H₃PO₄
Question 213
Potassic fertilisers do not promote the development of
A. Stems & leaves during early stage of plant growth
B. Starches of potatoes & grains
C. Sugar of fruits & vegetables
D. Fibrous materials of plants
Question 214
Nitrogen content of a nitrogenous fertiliser is 35%. It could be
A. Urea
B. Ammonium nitrate
C. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
D. Ammonium sulphate
Question 215
Superphosphate is manufactured by reacting phosphate rock with
A. acetic acid
B. sulphuric acid
C. aluminium chloride
D. none of these
Question 216
Reaction of phosphate rock with 98% H₂SO₄ produces
A. Orthophosphoric acid
B. Superphosphate
C. White phosphorous
D. None of these
Question 217
Nitrogen content of urea is about __________ percent.
A. 10
B. 46
C. 80
D. 94
Question 218
Which of the following fertilisers is needed for promoting the development of leaves and stems during early stages of plant growth?
A. Nitrogeneous fertiliser
B. Potassic fertiliser
C. Phosphatic fertiliser
D. None of these
Question 219
Which nutrient in fertiliser makes the plant stems stronger and increases branching?
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorous
C. Potassium
D. Calcium
Question 220
A potassic fertiliser contains 50% K₂O. It could be
A. Potassium sulphate
B. Potassium chloride
C. A mixture of NaCl+ KCl
D. None of these
Question 221
I argest capacity nitrogenous fertiliser plants (2700 tons of NH₃ per day) (2 Nos) in India are located at
A. Thal-Vaishet (under RCF in Maharashtra) and Hazira (under IFFCO in Gujarat)
B. Talchar (Orissa) and Ramagundam (A.P.) both under FCI
C. Korba (M.P.) and Talchar (Orissa) both under FCI
D. Haldia (W.B) and Namrup (Assam) both under HFC
Question 222
Nitric acid is produced on commercial scale in a fertiliser plant by
A. Oxidation of ammonia
B. CaNO₃ + H₂SO₄ reaction
C. Passing air through high voltage electric arc
D. None of these
Question 223
Nitrolime is chemically known as
A. Calcium nitrate
B. Ammonium nitrate
C. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
D. None of these
Question 224
Nitro-phosphate (manufactured at Trom-bay) is a __________ fertiliser.
A. Mixed
B. Complex
C. Highly hygroscopic
D. Highly explosive
Question 225
Triple superphosphate is made by reacting phosphate rock with __________ acid.
A. Phosphoric
B. Nitric
C. Sulphuric
D. Hydrochloric
Question 226
Fertiliser plant making ammonium sulphate employing gypsum-ammonia reaction (usual practice is to use ammonia and sulphuric acid) is located at
A. Rourkela (under SAIL)
B. Bokaro (under SAIL)
C. Sindri (under FCI)
D. Baroda (under G.S.F.C.)
Question 227
During conversion of ammonium carbamate into urea, presence of large excess of water
A. increases the yield of urea.
B. adversely affects the yield of urea.
C. reduces the evaporator load by diluting the urea solution.
D. does not affect the yield of urea.
Question 228
Which is a catalyst promoter used in catalytic ammonia synthesis reaction ?
A. Al2O3
B. Cr2O3
C. K2O
D. MnO
Question 229
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Yellow phosphorous which is the most reactive allotropic form of phosphorous is transported under water
B. Apatite is the principal material present in phosphate rock which is chemically Ca₁₀ (PO₄)₆ (F, Cl, OH)
C. Urea is more hygroscopic than ammonium nitrate
D. Nitrogen fixation means the process of bringing atmospheric nitrogen into combination i.e. into nitrogen compound form
Question 230
Which of the following is not a measure component necessarily to be present in fertilisers?
A. Nitrogen
B. Potassium
C. Phosphorous
D. Sulphur
Question 231
Low grade phosphate rock can be used in electrical furnace, because
A. Of the better CaO/SiO₂ balance for slag formation
B. CaO content is less
C. It is cheap
D. It produces low cost product
Question 232
Two gas based fertiliser plants are located in
A. Maharashtra and Gujarat
B. Maharashtra and Orissa
C. Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh
D. Jharkhand and Chattisgarh
Question 233
A phosphatic fertiliser contains 16% P₂O₅. It could be
A. Dicalcium phosphate
B. Superphosphate
C. Triple superphosphate
D. None of these