Mass Transfer MCQs : This section focuses on the "Mass Transfer". These Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) should be practiced to improve the Mass Transfer skills required for various interviews (campus interview, walk-in interview, company interview), placement, entrance exam and other competitive examinations.
Question 1
__________ columns are used for liquid dispersion in a continuous gas phase.
A. Packed
B. Pulse
C. Bubble cap
D. Sieve plate
Question 2
A plait point is the point on the solubility curve, where the tie line reduces to a point. What is the number of plait point for a ternery system containing twopairs of partially miscible liquids ?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Question 3
Absorption accompanied with chemical reaction is exemplified by the absorption of
A. ammonia in water.
B. benzol present in coke oven gas by wash oil.
C. SO2 in alkaline solution.
D. all (a), (b) and (c).
Question 4
Absorption factor is defined as (where, S1 = slope of the operating line S2 = slope of the equilibrium curve)
A. S2/S1
B. S1/S2
C. S1 - S2
D. S1 x S2
Question 5
Air initially at 101. 3 kPa and 40°C and with a relative humidity of 50%, is cooled at constant pressure to 30°C. The cooled air has a
A. higher dew point.
B. higher absolute (specific) humidity.
C. higher relative humidity
D. higher wet bulb temperature.
Question 6
As the reflux ratio in a distillation coloumn is increased from the minimum, the
A. slope of the operating line in stripping section decreases.
B. number of plates decreases very slowly first and then more and more rapidly.
C. total cost first decreases and then increases.
D. liquid flow increases while the vapor flow decreases for a system.
Question 7
At minimum reflux ratio for a given separation
A. number of plates is zero.
B. number of plates is infinity.
C. minimum number of the theoretical plates is required.
D. separation is most efficient.
Question 8
Chemisorption (chemical adsorption) is
A. same as "Van der Waals" adsorption.
B. characterised by adsorption of heat.
C. an irreversible phenomenon.
D. a reversible phenomenon.
Question 9
Dew point of a gas-vapour mixture
A. increases with temperature rise.
B. decreases with temperature rise.
C. decreases with decrease in pressure.
D. increases with increase in pressure.
Question 10
Drying operation under vacuum is carried out to
A. dry those materials which have very high unbound mositure content.
B. reduce drying temperature.
C. increase drying temperature.
D. dry materials having high bound moisture content.
Question 11
Fenske equation determines the
A. maximum number of ideal plates.
B. height of the distillation column.
C. minimum number of theoretical plates.
D. optimum reflux ratio.
Question 12
Fenske's equation for determining the minimum number of theoretical stages in distillation column holds good, when the
A. relative volatility is reasonably constant.
B. mixture (to be separated) shows negative deviation from ideality.
C. mixture (to be separated) shows positive deviation from ideality.
D. multicomponent distillation is involved.
Question 13
Heat in BTU necessary to increase the temperature of 1 lb of gas and its accompanying vapour by 1°F is called the
A. latent heat
B. humid heat
C. specific heat
D. sensible heat
Question 14
In a packed absorption tower, if the equilibrium and operating lines are both straight lines, then the ratio, HETP/HTUOG __________ the absorption factor.
A. increases with increase in
B. is one at unity value of
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Question 15
In a solution containing 0.30 Kg mole of solute and 600 kg of solvent, the molality is
A. 0.5
B. 0.6
C. 2
D. 1
Question 16
In batch distillation with constant reflux, overhead product composition __________ with time.
A. increases
B. decreases
C. does not vary
D. may increase on decrease, depends on the system.
Question 17
In case of an absorber, the operating
A. line always lies above the equilibrium curve.
B. line always lies below the equilibrium curve.
C. line can be either above or below the equilibrium curve.
D. velocity is more than the loading velocity.
Question 18
In distillation columns, the number of bubble caps per tray primarily depends upon the
A. allowable liquid velocity.
B. allowable gas velocity.
C. allowable gas and liquid velocities.
D. feed composition.
Question 19
In distillation, overhead product contains
A. only one component
B. two components
C. any number of components
D. only saturated liquid
Question 20
Low viscosity absorbent is preferred for reasons of
A. rapid absorption rates and good heat transfer characteristics.
B. improved flooding characteristics.
C. low pressure drop on pumping.
D. all (a), (b) and (c).
Question 21
Make up water is required in a cooling tower to replace the water lost by
A. evaporation
B. drift
C. blowdown and leakage
D. all (a), (b) and (c)
Question 22
Mass transfer co-efficient (K) and diffusivity (D) are related according to film theory as
A. K ∝ D
B. K ∝D
C. K ∝ D1.5
D. K ∝ D2
Question 23
Mass transfer co-efficient of liquid is
A. affected more by temperature than that for gases.
B. affected much less by temperature than that for gases.
C. not affected by the temperature.
D. none of these.
Question 24
Mass transfer rate between two fluid phases does not necessarily depend on the __________ of the two phases.
A. chemical properties
B. physical properties
C. degree of turbulence
D. interfacial area
Question 25
On addition of solute in the solvent, the __________ of the solution decreases.
A. boiling point
B. freezing point
C. vapour pressure
D. both (b) and (c)
Question 26
Overall efficiency of the distillation column is
A. the ratio of number of ideal plates to actual plates.
B. the ratio of number of actual plates to ideal plates.
C. same as the Murphree efficiency.
D. always more than the point efficiency.
Question 27
Physical absorption is
A. an irreversible phenomenon.
B. a reversible phenomenon.
C. accompanied by evolution of heat.
D. both (b) and (c)
Question 28
Pick out the correct statement.
A. In case of liquid-liquid extraction, no separation is possible, if the selectivity of the solvent used is unity.
B. With increase in temperature, the selectivity of the solvent used in solvent extraction decreases.
C. The selectivity of solvent used in solvent extraction is unity at the plait point.
D. all (a), (b) and (c).
Question 29
Psychrometry deals with the properties of gas-vapor mixture. Humidity can be determined by the measurement of the __________ of a fibre.
A. electrical resistance
B. thermal conductivity
C. strength
D. none of these.
Question 30
Raoult's law applies to the
A. all liquid solutions
B. non-ideal solution only.
C. non-volatile solute.
D. solvents.
Question 31
Relative humidity is the ratio of the
A. partial pressure of the vapour to the vapour pressure of the liquid at room temperature.
B. partial pressure of the vapour to the vapour pressure of the liquid at gas temperature.
C. actual humidity to saturation humidity.
D. none of these
Question 32
Separation of two or more components of a liquid solution can not be achieved by
A. fractional crystallisation
B. liquid extraction
C. absorption
D. evaporation
Question 33
Stefan's law describes the mass transfer by
A. diffusion
B. bulk flow
C. both 'a' & 'b'
D. neither 'a' nor 'b'
Question 34
The amount of steam required per unit quantity of distillate in case of steam distillation will be reduced by
A. raising the temperature.
B. lowering the total pressure.
C. both (a) and (b).
D. neither (a) nor (b).
Question 35
The difference of wet bulb temperature and adiabatic saturation temperature of unsaturated mixture of any system is
A. #NAME?
B. #NAME?
C. zero
D. none of these
Question 36
The equipment frequently used for adiabatic humidification-cooling operation with recirculating liquid is
A. natural draft cooling tower
B. induced draft cooling tower
C. spray chamber
D. none of these
Question 37
The mass diffusivity, the thermal diffusivity and the eddy momentum diffusivity are same for, NPr = NSc = __________
A. 1
B. 0.5
C. 10
D. 0
Question 38
The rate of solid-liquid extraction is limited by the
A. phase change of the solute as it dissolves in the solvent.
B. diffusion of the solute through the solvent in the pores to the outside of the particle.
C. diffusion of the solute from the solution in contact with the particle to the main bulk of the solution.
D. all 'a', 'b' & 'c'.
Question 39
The term "cooling range" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of
A. cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air.
B. hot water entering the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air.
C. hot water entering the tower and the cooled water leaving the tower.
D. none of these
Question 40
To increase the absorption factor, (where, G = gas flow rate, S = solvent flow rate)
A. increase both 'G' and 'S'.
B. decrease both 'G' and 'S'.
C. increase 'S' and decrease 'G'.
D. increase 'G' and decrease 'S'
Question 41
Total reflux in a distillation operation requires minimum
A. reboiler load
B. number of plates
C. condenser load
D. all (a), (b) and (c)
Question 42
When the temperature and humidity of air is low, we usually use __________ draft cooling tower.
A. natural
B. forced
C. induced
D. none of these
Question 43
Which is the controlling factor for a drum drier?
A. Diffusion
B. Heat transfer
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b)
Question 44
Which of the following is the most suitable for extraction in a system having very low density difference ?
A. Mixer-settler extractor
B. Centrifugal extractor
C. Pulsed extractor
D. Packed extraction tower
Question 45
Which of the following liquid-vapor contacting devices provides maximum contact surface area for a particular duty ?
A. Sieve plate column
B. Bubble cap column
C. Randomly packed column
D. Wetted wall column
Question 46
Which of the following plays an important role in problems of simultaneous heat and mass transfer ?
A. Lewis number
B. Schmidt number
C. Prandtl number
D. Sherwood number
Question 47
Which of the following quantities need not be fixed before starting the design of a co-current absorber ?
A. Heat gain or loss
B. Flow rate of entering liquid
C. Flow rate of gas
D. None of these
Question 48
Which of the following remains constant during sensible cooling process ?
A. Specific humidity
B. Partial pressure of vapour
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b)
Question 49
Which of the following unit operations makes use of Thiele-Geddes equation ?
A. Liquid-liquid extraction
B. Solid-liquid extraction
C. Multicomponent absorption with chemical reaction
D. Multicomponent distillation.
Question 50
With increase in pressure, the relative volatility for a binary system
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains same.
D. either (a) or (b), depends on the system.
Question 51
Moisture contained by a substance in excess of the equilibrium moisture is called the __________ moisture.
A. Unbound
B. Free
C. Critical
D. Bound
Question 52
Moisture content of a substance when at equilibrium with a given partial pressure of the vapour is called the __________ moisture.
A. Free
B. Unbound
C. Equilibrium
D. Bound
Question 53
Moisture in a substance exerting an equilibrium vapour pressure less than that of pure liquid at the same temperature is called the __________ moisture.
A. Bound
B. Unbound
C. Critical
D. None of these
Question 54
Moisture in a solid exerting an equilibrium vapour pressure equal to that of the pure liquid at the same temperature is called the __________ moisture.
A. Unbound
B. Critical
C. Free
D. Bound
Question 55
Diameter of raschig rings used in packed tower in industry is normally around __________ inches.
A. 2
B. 8
C. 12
D. 18
Question 56
An example of elutioh is
A. Separation of uranium oxide from its ore by H₂SO₄ in a Pachuca tank
B. Separation of sugar from sugar beet by hot water
C. Dissolution of tannin out of tree barks by water
D. Recovery of vegetable oils from seeds
Question 57
Pick out the correct statement.
A. Bound moisture is removed during constant rate drying period
B. Free moisture is removed during falling rate drying period
C. The sum of free moisture and equilibrium moisture in a solid is called the critical moisture
D. The driving force for mass transfer in a wet solid is its free moisture content
Question 58
Dry bulb temperature of unsaturated air is more than its __________ temperature.
A. Dew point
B. Wet bulb
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 59
In a packed bed absorption column, the channelling will be noted by the
A. Increase in flow rate
B. Sharp drop in pressure drop
C. Sharp rise in pressure drop
D. None of these
Question 60
Condensation of a vapour-gas mixture just begins, when (where, p = partial pressure of the vapour P = vapour pressure of the liquid )
A. P = P
B. P >>P
C. P < P
D. P << P
Question 61
Relative volatility does not change appreciably with the change in
A. Temperature
B. Vapour pressure of either component
C. Total pressure
D. None of these
Question 62
Leaching of sugar from sugar beets is done by
A. Hot water
B. Hexane
C. Dilute H₂SO₄
D. Lime water
Question 63
In extraction, as the temperature increases, the area of hetrogeneity (area covered by binodal curve)
A. Decreases
B. Increases
C. Remains unchanged
D. None of these
Question 64
For the gas absorption, the height of a transfer unit, based on the gas phase is given by (G: superficial molar gas velocity, L: superficial molar liquid velocity, FG:mass transfer co-efficient, mols/m² , a: in-terfacial area per unit volume of tower)
A. F/(FG.a)
B. FG/(G.a)
C. (G.a)/FG
D. L/(FG.G)
Question 65
In distillation column design, the McCabe-Thiele procedure is inadequate and a Ponchan-Savarit procedure is needed, when
A. Saturated feed is not used
B. An azeotrope forms
C. The latent heat of vaporisation of the more and less volatile components are greatly different
D. A total condenser is used
Question 66
Cox chart is useful in the design of
A. Distillation column
B. Evaporator
C. Dryer
D. Crystalliser
Question 67
The Schmidt number which is defined as, μ/ρ D, is the ratio of the
A. Momentum diffusivity to the mass dif-fusivity
B. Thermal diffusivity to the mass diffusivity
C. Momentum diffusivity to the thermal diffusivity
D. None of these
Question 68
In a packed tower, the value of HETP equals HTUOG, when the equilibrium and the operating lines are (where, HETP = height equivalant to a theoretical plate HTUOG = overall gas phase height of a transfer unit)
A. Straight
B. Parallel
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 69
The film penetration model of mass transfer was enunciated by
A. Gilliland
B. Toor and Marchello
C. Stefan
D. Fick
Question 70
Penetration model (theory) for mass transfer was enunciated by
A. Danckwerts
B. Toor and Marchello
C. Higbie
D. Kissinevskii
Question 71
Surface renewal model of mass transfer was enunciated by
A. Toor and Marchello
B. Fick
C. Danckwerts
D. Stefan
Question 72
At the boiling point of the liquid at the prevailing pressure, the saturated absolute humidity becomes
A. 1
B. 0
C. ∞
D. None of these
Question 73
In case of cooling towers, the ratio of the rates of heat and mass transfer is indicated by the __________ number.
A. Lewis
B. Grashoff
C. Sherwood
D. None of these
Question 74
The diffusivity (D) in a binary gas mixture is related to the temperature (T) as
A. D ∝ T
B. D ∝ T0.5
C. D ∝ T1.5
D. D ∝ T2
Question 75
In an operating distillation column, the
A. Vapors and liquids are at their dew point and bubble point respectively
B. Driving force for the liquid flow is its specific weight
C. Driving force for the vapor flow is the pressure drop, as the pressure decreases gradually from the bottom to the top of the column
D. Highest temperature is encountered at the top of the column
Question 76
If G = insoluble gas in gas stream and L = non-volatile solvent in liquid stream, then the slope of the operating line for the absorber is
A. L/G
B. G/L
C. Always < 1
D. None of these
Question 77
Pick out the correct statement.
A. Dialysis process is used for the production of fresh water from brine
B. Electrodylsis is used in the manufacture of NaOH
C. Electrodylsis is used for the refin-ning/purification of petrol
D. Both B and C
Question 78
__________ diffusion is used for separating the isotopes of methane.
A. Thermal
B. Pressure
C. Concentration
D. Force
Question 79
McCabe-Thiele method of binary distillation does not assume that the
A. Sensible heat changes are negligible compared with latent heat changes
B. Molar latent heats of all components are equal
C. Heat of mixing is negligible
D. None of these
Question 80
Which of the following parameters remains almost constant during adiabatic saturation of unsaturated air?
A. Dry bulb temperature
B. Dew point
C. Wet bulb temperature
D. None of these
Question 81
Equilibrium moisture of a solid is equal to the total moisture minus free moisture. Which of the following substances will have maxi-mum equilibrium moisture?
A. Anthracite coal
B. Rag paper
C. Bamboo
D. Inorganic solids
Question 82
Entrainer used in azeotropic distillation should
A. Form a low boiling azeotrope with one of the constituents of the mixture
B. Form a new azeotrope of low relative volatility with one of the constituents of the mixture
C. Have high latent heat of vaporisation
D. Have high viscosity to provide high tray efficiency
Question 83
NSc/NPr is called the
A. Psychrometric ratio
B. Lewis number
C. Sherwood number
D. Stantan number
Question 84
The humid volume may be increased by increasing the
A. Temperature at constant humidity
B. Humidity at constant temperature
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 85
Plate towers are preferred to packed towers, when large temperature changes are involved, because of the reason that the
A. Packing may be crushed due to thermal expansion/contraction of the components of the equipments
B. Pressure drop in the equipment will be very high
C. Viscosity variation of the fluids may cause channeling/flooding
D. None of these
Question 86
Use of raschig rings in place of crushed stones as packing in packed beds (other things being same)
A. Increases pressure drop, increases surface area
B. Increases pressure drop, decreases surface area
C. Decreases pressure drop, increases surface area
D. Decreases pressure drop, decreases surface area
Question 87
Prandtl number for water at 20°C is about
A. 7
B. 70
C. 0.7
D. 150
Question 88
Blowdown in a cooling tower
A. Means discarding a small fraction of circulating water to prevent and limit the concentration of salt and impurities
B. Increases the scale forming tendencies of water
C. Is undesirable
D. All of the above
Question 89
Boiling point diagram is
A. Not affected by pressure
B. Affected by pressure
C. A plot of temperature vs. liquid composition
D. A plot of temperature vs. vapour composition
Question 90
Bollman extractor
A. Is a static bed leaching equipment
B. Is used for extraction of oil from oilseed
C. Is a centrifugal extractor
D. Employs only counter-current extraction
Question 91
If a two phase system is in physical equilibrium; then it means that, the
A. Escaping tendency of each component from the liquid phase to the vapor phase is exactly equal to that from vapor phase to liquid phase
B. Temperature of the liquid phase is equal to that of the vapor phase
C. Total pressure throughout the liquid phase is equal to that throughout the vapor phase
D. All of the above
Question 92
Mass transfer co-efficient is directly proportional to DAB0.5, according to __________ theory.
A. Penetration
B. Surface renewal
C. Film
D. None of these
Question 93
Which of the following provides maximum contact surface for a liquid-vapour system?
A. Packed tower
B. Bubble-cap plate column
C. Seive-plate column
D. Wetted wall column
Question 94
In distillation where q is defined as the moles of liquid flow in the stripping section per mole of feed introduced, for saturated liquid feed
A. q > 1
B. q < 1
C. q = 1
D. q = 0
Question 95
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Different solids have different equilibrium moisture curves
B. Total condenser or reboiler is considered equivalent to one theoretical plate in McCabe-Thiele method of theoretical plate calculation for distillation column
C. Heat removal load on cooler remains constant, even with increase of the reflux ratio in a distillation column
D. Even a forced draft cooling tower can not cool water below the wet bulb temperature
Question 96
A slurry is to be dried to produce flaky solid. Which dryer would you recommend?
A. Spray dryer
B. Drum dryer
C. Rotary dryer
D. Dielectric dryer
Question 97
Channelling is most severe
A. In towers packed with stacked packing
B. In towers packed randomly with crushed solids
C. In dumped packing of regular units
D. At very high liquid flow rate
Question 98
CO₂ can be absorbed by
A. Hot cupric oxide
B. Heated charcoal
C. Cold Ca(OH)₂
D. Alumina
Question 99
Pick out the correct statement.
A. The slope of the stripping line is always less than unity
B. For a given separation in a binary distillation column, with increase in reflux ratio (above the minimum reflux ratio), the fixed cost of the distillation column first increases and then decreases
C. In Ponchon-Savarit method of no. of theoretical plate determination, the stripping and rectifying operating lines are vertical at total reflux
D. Kremsor-Brown-Souder's equation is used to calculate the efficiency of a plate tower
Question 100
Diffusion in concentrated solutins differs from that in dilute solutions, because of the change in the __________ with the concentration of the solution.
A. Degree of ideality
B. Viscosity
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 101
Only small amount of evaporation of water produces large cooling effects because of its
A. Large latent heat
B. Low viscosity
C. Small latent heat
D. None of these
Question 102
In extractive distillation, solvent is
A. Added to alter the relative volatility of the mixture
B. Of high volatility
C. Present in overhead stream
D. Of high viscosity to give high tray efficiency
Question 103
Absorption accompanied by heat evolution results in
A. Increased capacity of the absorber
B. Increase in equilibrium solubility
C. Decrease in equilibrium solubility
D. None of these
Question 104
Molecular seives are regenerated by heating to __________ °C.
A. < 150
B. 200-330
C. > 500
D. > 1000
Question 105
The rate of solid-liquid extraction is limited by the
A. Phase change of the solute as it dissolves in the solvent
B. Diffusion of the solute through the solvent in the pores to the outside of the particle
C. Diffusion of the solute from the solution in contact with the particle to the main bulk of the solution
D. All of the above
Question 106
For a single component absorber, the operating line is straight only when plotted in term of __________ units.
A. Partial pressure
B. Mole ratio
C. Mole fraction
D. None of these
Question 107
The binary diffusivity in gases and liquids vary respectively as
A. T3/2 and T
B. T and T3/2
C. √T and T3/2
D. T3/2 and √T
Question 108
The operation involved when the soluble material is largely on the surface of an insoluble solid and is merely washed off by the solvent is called
A. Decoction
B. Percolation
C. Elutriation or elution
D. None of these
Question 109
Sides of equilateral-triangular co-ordinates (on which ternary liquid system is plotted) represent
A. A pure component
B. A binary mixture
C. A ternary mixture
D. Partially miscible ternary system
Question 110
Under conditions of flooding in packed tower, the gas pressure drop
A. Decreases rapidly
B. Increases rapidly
C. Remains constant
D. Is maximum
Question 111
Which of the following adsorbent is used to decolourise yellow glycerine?
A. Silica gel
B. Alumina
C. Fuller
D. Activated carbon
Question 112
Liquid diffusivity is of the order of __________ cm² /second.
A. 0.01
B. 0.1
C. 10-5 to 10-6
D. > 1
Question 113
Stefan's law describes the mass transfer by
A. Diffusion
B. Bulk flow
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 114
In McCabe-Thiele method of theoretical plate calculation for a distillation column, the operating lines of stripping and rectifying sections coincide with the diagonal at __________ reflux.
A. Total
B. Minimum
C. Operating
D. Maximum permissible
Question 115
Mass transfer co-efficient varies as DAB0.5, according to the __________ theory.
A. Film
B. Surface renewal
C. Penetration
D. None of these
Question 116
Mass transfer co-efficient is directly proportional to DAB according to the __________ theory.
A. Film
B. Penetration
C. Surface-renewal
D. None of these
Question 117
Minimum reflux ratio in a distillation column results in
A. Optimum number of trays
B. Minimum reboiler size
C. Maximum condenser size
D. Minimum number of trays
Question 118
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The mole fraction of solute is directly proportional to the molality of a 'dilute' solution
B. For a non-reacting binary mixture of ideal gases, the partial pressure distribution of both components is nonlinear in the case of steady state unimolal unidirectional diffusion
C. Azeotropes obey Raoult's law at all temperature
D. The relative volatility of a binary mixture at the azeotropic composition is 1
Question 119
Very tall packed towers are divided into series of beds to
A. Reduce the overall pressure drop
B. Avoid channelling
C. Reduce liquid hold-up
D. Avoid flooding
Question 120
Fenske equation determines the
A. Maximum number of ideal plates
B. Height of the distillation column
C. Minimum number of theoretical plates
D. Optimum reflux ratio
Question 121
Mass transfer co-efficient is defined as
A. Flux = Co-efficient/concentration difference
B. Co-efficient = Flux/concentration difference
C. Flux=concentration difference/co-effi-cient
D. None of these
Question 122
__________ number indicates the ratio of the rates of the heat and mass transfer incase of a cooling tower.
A. Sherwood
B. Stanton
C. Lewis
D. Peclet
Question 123
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. In the McCabe-Thiele diagram for binary distillation, vertical feed line represents saturated liquid feed and horizontal feed line represents saturated vapour feed
B. In small columns, local efficiency is larger than Murphree efficiency; in large columns local efficiency is smaller than Murphree efficiency
C. For Laminar flow over a plate of length L, the local mass transfer co-efficient at a distance L from the leading edge is 1.5 x 10⁻²m/s. Then the average mass transfer co-efficient for the plate is
D. The concentration and hydrodynamic boundary layers over a flat plate are of equal thickness, if Schmidt number is equal to unity
Question 124
The term "cooling range" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of
A. Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air
B. Hot water entering the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air
C. Hot water entering the tower and the cooled water leaving the tower
D. None of these
Question 125
Batch tray dryers suffers from the disadvantage of
A. High maintenance cost
B. Non-uniform & low production rate
C. High labour cost & low heat economy
D. All of the above
Question 126
Flash distillation is
A. Same as differential distillation
B. Used for multicomponent systems like crude refining
C. Same as simple distillation
D. Most useful for handling binary systems
Question 127
Flooding results in
A. High tray efficiency
B. Low tray efficiency
C. High gas velocity
D. Good contact between the fluids
Question 128
__________ is the separation technique used for desalination of sea water.
A. Thermal diffusion
B. Reverse osmosis
C. Adsorption
D. Absorption
Question 129
__________ extractor uses centrifugal force for separating the two phases.
A. Treybal
B. Schiebel
C. Podbielniak
D. None of these
Question 130
Steam distillation is used for separation of high boiling
A. Substances from non-volatile impurities
B. Volatile impurity from still higher boiling substances
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 131
Fractional solvent extraction
A. Employs only one solvent
B. Employs two solvents
C. Results in low interfacial tension
D. None of these
Question 132
Ammonia present in the coke oven gas is removed by washing with
A. Caustic solution
B. Dilute ammoniacal liquor
C. Dilute HCl
D. Ethanolamine
Question 133
The binary diffusivity in gases does not depend upon the
A. Pressure
B. Temperature
C. Nature of the components
D. None of these
Question 134
According to the Fenske equation, what will be the minimum number of plates required in a distillation column to separate an equimolar binary mixture of components A and B into an overhead fraction containing 99 mol% A and a bottom fraction containing 98 mol% B? Assume that relative volatility (αAB = 2) does not change appreciably in the coloumn.
A. 5
B. 9
C. 12
D. 28
Question 135
For a binary mixture with low relative volatility, continuous rectification to get pure products will require
A. Low reflux ratio
B. Less number of trays
C. Small cross-section column
D. High reflux ratio
Question 136
Which of the following psychrometric processes is followed by water vapour laden unsaturated air, when it is passed through solid or liquid adsorbent?
A. Cooling and dehumidification
B. Heating and dehumidification at almost constant wet bulb temperature
C. Dehumidification with dry bulb temperature remaining constant
D. None of these
Question 137
For contacting a highly soluble gas with a liquid
A. Bubble the gas through liquid
B. Spray the liquid on gas stream
C. Either A or B would suffice
D. None of these
Question 138
Diameter to height ratio for a rashig ring is
A. 1
B. 0.5
C. 2
D. 8
Question 139
Large scale usage of flash distillation is practised in
A. Soap manufacturing
B. Ammonia synthesis plant
C. Polymerisation industry
D. Petroleum refinning
Question 140
Humidification involves mass transfer between a pure liquid phase and a fixed gas, which is
A. Insoluble in the liquid
B. Soluble in the liquid
C. Non-ideal in nature
D. At a fixed temperature
Question 141
The solvent used in liquid-liquid extraction should have __________ less than one.
A. Selectivity
B. Distribution co-efficient
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 142
The relative humidity of air decreases in-spite of an increase in the absolute humidity, when the
A. Temperature rises
B. Pressure rises
C. Temperature falls
D. Pressure falls
Question 143
Solvent extraction is the terminology applied to the liquid-liquid extraction, which is preferred for the separation of the components of liquids, when
A. Extracting solvent is cheaply & abundantly available
B. One of the liquid components is heat sensitive
C. Viscosity of liquid components is very high
D. One of the liquid components has very high affinity towards the solvent
Question 144
For the same feed, feed quality and separation (in a distillation column), with the increase of total pressure, the number of ideal plates will
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Remain same
D. Data insufficient, can't be predicted
Question 145
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Constant pressure distillation can not separate an azeotropic mixture
B. Relative volatility of a binary mixture changes appreciably with the minor change in temperature
C. The relative volatility of a binary mixture at azeotropic composition is unity
D. Flash distillation is practised on wide spread scale in petroleum refinery
Question 146
In a binary distillation column, if the feed contains 40 mole % vapour, the q line will have a slope of
A. 1.5
B. -0.6
C. -1.5
D. 0.6
Question 147
As the reflux ratio decreases, the
A. Separation becomes more efficient
B. Number of plates increases
C. Column diameter increases
D. None of these
Question 148
If the amount of the steam used in steam distillation is increased, the temperature of distillation
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. Depends on relative volatility
Question 149
Heat load in a cooling tower
A. Means the amount of heat thrown away (KCal/hr.) by the cooling tower
B. Is equal to the number of kg, of water circulated times the cooling range
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 150
As complete saturation of an adsorbent is approached, the differential heat of adsrop-tion approaches
A. That of normal condensation
B. Integral heat of adsorption
C. Zero
D. None of these
Question 151
In case of physical adsorption, the difference between heat of adsorption and heat of normal condensation is
A. Equal to the heat of formation of surface compound
B. Equal to the heat of wetting
C. Zero
D. Called integral heat of adsorption
Question 152
In a binary system, separation is very efficient, when the relative volatility is
A. 1
B. > 1
C. < 1
D. 0.5
Question 153
Henry's law states that the
A. Partial pressure of a component over a solution is proportional to its mole fraction in the liquid
B. Partial pressure of a component over a solution is proportional to the mole fraction in the vapour
C. Vapour pressure is equal to the product of the mole fraction and total pressure
D. Partial pressure is equal to the product of the mole fraction and total pressure
Question 154
Rate of leaching increases with increasing
A. Temperature
B. Viscosity of solvent
C. Pressure
D. Size of the solid
Question 155
Azeotropism for ethyl alcohol-water system disappears by
A. Increasing temperature
B. Decreasing pressure
C. Increasing pressure
D. No means
Question 156
For a binary mixture distillation process, the degree of freedom is 2. However, if the pressure is fixed in this process, the number of independent variables in this process will be
A. 1
B. 0
C. 2
D. 3
Question 157
Antibiotics are best handled in a
A. Podbielniak extractor
B. Sieve tray contractor
C. Rotating disc contactor
D. Pulsed column extractor
Question 158
If the overall efficiency and Murphree plate efficiency are equal, then both the equilibrium and operating lines are
A. Straight
B. Parallel
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 159
Schimdt number and Lewis number for pure air at atmospheric conditions are respectively
A. < 1 and ≈ 1
B. 1 and 0
C. >1 and ≈ 1
D. 0 and ≈ 1
Question 160
Pick out the correct statement.
A. In case of liquid-liquid extraction, no separation is possible, if the selectivity of the solvent used is unity
B. With increase in temperature, the selectivity of the solvent used in solvent extraction decreases
C. The selectivity of solvent used in solvent extraction is unity at the plait point
D. All of the above
Question 161
If a₁ and a₂ are the relative volatilities when the pressure in the distillation column is 1 and 2 atm respectively. Pick out the correct statement.
A. a₁ = a₂
B. a₁ = 2a₂
C. a₁ = 0.5 a₂
D. None of these
Question 162
A packed tower compared to a plate tower for a particular mass transfer operation
A. Incurs smaller pressure drop
B. Allows installation of cooling coils
C. Is less costly when built in large sizes/diameters
D. Is more suitable, if suspended solids are present in fluid streams
Question 163
An ideal tower packing should not
A. Have low weight per unit volume
B. Have large surface area per unit volume
C. Have large free cross-section
D. Hold up large amount of liquid in the packing
Question 164
Drying of refractory is normally carried out in a __________ dryer.
A. Open pan
B. Tray
C. Rotary vacuum
D. Truck/tunnel
Question 165
The Knudsen diffusivity is dependent on the
A. Molecular velocity only
B. Pore radius of the catalyst only
C. Molecular mean free path only
D. Molecular velocity and por radius of the catalyst
Question 166
Separation of the isotopes of helium for scientific investigations is done by
A. Reverse osmosis
B. Thermal diffusion
C. Leaching
D. Solvent extraction
Question 167
Which of the following quantities need not be fixed before starting the design of a co-current absorber?
A. Heat gain or loss
B. Flow rate of entering liquid
C. Flow rate of gas
D. None of these
Question 168
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The Reynolds analogy for mass transfer is given by Lewis relation and is applicable, when Schmidt number is one
B. Sherwood number for flow in pipes can be expressed as the ratio of the concentration gradient at wall to the overall concentration difference
C. According to film theory for equimolar counter diffusion, the mass transfer coefficient is given by √DAB(b)P - 3, Q - 2
D. The z-component of the total mass flux of a component A in binary mixture of A and B is given by - Dab'.dCA/dz
Question 169
In azeotropic mixture, the equilibrium vapour composition is
A. More than liquid composition
B. Less than liquid composition
C. Same as liquid composition
D. Independent of pressure
Question 170
When acetone is added in a two layer mixture of methyl isobutyl ketone and water at 30°C, the acetone distributes between the two layers and the composition of the layer follows two solubility curves. For this system,
A. As the acetone concentration increases, the solubility curves approach each other
B. Both the phases become identical at a particular common point on both the solubility curves called the plait point
C. The distribution curve which is a plot between x (acetone concentration in one phase) and y (acetone concentration in other phase) is analogous to x-y curve used in distillation and absorption termina
D. All of the above
Question 171
Nitrobenzene (boiling point = 210.6°C) is steam distilled at 1 atm pressure.Nitrobenzene will distill off __________ °C.
A. At < 100
B. At > 210.6
C. Between 100 and 210
D. None of these
Question 172
Which of the following has the same dimension as mass diffusivity?
A. Momentum flux
B. Kinematic viscosity
C. Thermal diffusivity
D. Both A & B
Question 173
Priming in a distillation column
A. Results from very low gas velocity
B. Is desirable from point efficiency consideration
C. Is characterised by the presence of foam throughout the space between trays
D. Reduces the overall pressure drop
Question 174
In case of unsaturated air
A. Dew point < wet bulb temperature
B. Wet bulb temperature < dry bulb temperature
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 175
Water entrained by circulating air in cooling towers is termed as
A. Drift
B. Blow down
C. Vapor load
D. None of these
Question 176
In saturated gas, the
A. Vapour is in equilibrium with the liquid at the gas temperature
B. Vapour is in equilibrium with the liquid at the room temperature
C. Partial pressure of vapour equals the vapour pressure of the liquid at room temperature
D. None of these
Question 177
In steam distillation, the
A. Temperature is 100°C
B. Temperature is more than 100° C
C. Product must be immiscible with water
D. Temperature is higher than the boiling point of either component
Question 178
The commonly used solvent in supercritical extraction is
A. Methyl ethyl ketone
B. Water
C. Carbon tetrachloride
D. Carbon dioxide
Question 179
Gaseous diffusion co-efficient increases with increase in the
A. Pressure
B. Temperature
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 180
Stacked packing compared to dumped packing
A. Provides poorer contact between the fluids
B. Gives lower pressure drop
C. Both A & B
D. Gives higher pressure drop
Question 181
At __________ reflux, theoretical number of plates in a distillation coloumn is calculated using Fenske-Underwood equation.
A. Operating
B. Total
C. Minimum
D. Maximum permissible
Question 182
Flooding in a column results due to
A. High pressure drop
B. Low pressure drop
C. Low velocity of the liquid
D. High temperature
Question 183
Leaching rate is independent of the
A. Agitation
B. Temperature
C. Particle size
D. None of these
Question 184
Which of the following remains constant during sensible cooling process ?
A. Specific humidity
B. Partial pressure of vapour
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 185
The cooling effect in a cooling tower can be speeded up by
A. Increasing the air velocity and area of exposed wet surface
B. Reducing the barometric pressure
C. Reducing the humidity of the air
D. All of the above
Question 186
With increase in solvent rate, the number of transfer units, NtoG, for a fixed degree of absorption from a fixed amount of gas
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Decreases linearly
D. Remains unaffected
Question 187
Acetic acid will be most economically separated from a dilute solution of acetic acid in water by
A. Solvent extraction
B. Continuous distillation
C. Evaporation
D. Absorption
Question 188
The change in enthalpy per unit weight of adsorbed gas when adsorbed on gas free or "outgassed" adsorbent to from a definite concentration of adsorbate is called its
A. Integral heat of adsorption
B. Heat of wetting
C. Differential heat of adsorption
D. Heat of normal condensation
Question 189
Total reflux in a distillation operation requires minimum
A. Reboiler load
B. Number of plates
C. Condenser load
D. All of the above
Question 190
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. In solvent extraction, the distribution co-efficient should be as large as possible for solvent economy
B. With increase in pressure, the solubility of gases in solvent increases at a fixed temperature
C. Decrease in Murphree plate efficiency is an indication of entrainment in distillation coloumn
D. The capacity of a distillation coloumn is maximum at total reflux
Question 191
In case of gases, the binary diffusivity is proportional to (where, P = pressure)
A. P
B. 1/P
C. 1/√P
D. √P
Question 192
Langmuir equation is associated with
A. Leaching
B. Adsorption
C. Steam distillation
D. Multicomponent absorption
Question 193
Large scale drying of wheat is done in a __________ dryer.
A. Fluidised bed
B. Spouted bed
C. Tray
D. Vacuum rotary
Question 194
Large scale drying of sugar is done in a __________ dryer.
A. Spouted bed
B. Tray
C. Rotary
D. Truck
Question 195
The efficiency of a plate column will be maximum, when the flow is ideal __________ the plate.
A. Across
B. Above
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 196
Boiling point diagram is not affected by the ambient
A. Pressure
B. Humidity
C. Temperature
D. Both B and C
Question 197
Diffusion co-efficient generally depends upon the temperature, pressure & the nature of the components of the system. Its dimension is not the same as that of the
A. Mass transfer co-efficient
B. Thermal diffusivity
C. Kinematic viscosity
D. Volumetric diffusivity
Question 198
For which of the following unit operations, Lewis number is of significance?
A. Adsorption
B. Binary distillation
C. Gas absorption
D. Humidification
Question 199
Desulphurisation of petrol is done in a
A. Bollman extractor
B. Rotating disc extractor
C. Packed extraction column
D. Plate type extraction column
Question 200
In case of absorption & stripping, the interface of the liquid & gas phases are present in equilibrium, when the diffusional resistance of __________ is zero.
A. Interface
B. Gas phase
C. Liquid phase
D. All of the above
Question 201
Separation of two volatile liquids by distillation makes use of their
A. Selectivity
B. Relative volatility
C. Solubility
D. Density difference
Question 202
The amount of steam required per unit quantity of distillate in case of steam distillation will be reduced by
A. Raising the temperature
B. Lowering the total pressure
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 203
In case of steam distillation, the steam leaving the liquid is not completely saturated with distillate vapour, because
A. Temperature is less
B. Total pressure is less
C. Mixing of steam with the material being vaporised is not so intimate as to result in equilibrium condition
D. Saturated steam is used for steam distillation
Question 204
__________ is concerned with the adsorption equilibria.
A. Fick's law
B. Gibb's equation
C. Freundlich equation
D. None of these
Question 205
In case of absorption, both the operating and equilibrium lines will be straight for
A. Isothermal operation
B. Dilute solutions
C. Dilute solutions and isothermal operation
D. None of these
Question 206
When the liquid phase and vapour phase of a binary system obeys Raoult's and Dalton's law respectively, the relative volatility is the ratio of
A. Vapour pressure of component A to that of component B
B. Vapour pressure of component A to the total pressure
C. Vapour pressure of component A to the partial pressure of A
D. Partial pressure of component A to the total pressure
Question 207
Positive deviation from Raoult's law means a mixture whose total pressure is
A. Greater than that computed for ideality
B. Less than that computed for ideality
C. Less than the sum of the vapour pressure of the components
D. None of these
Question 208
Occurrence of 'case hardening' during drying of a high moisture solid cake __________ the drying rate.
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Does not affect
D. Exponentially increases
Question 209
Dorr thickener is an equipment used for
A. Classification
B. Sedimentation
C. Clarification
D. Leaching
Question 210
L/mG is the expression for
A. Absorption factor
B. Brinkman number
C. Slope of operating line in absorber
D. Slope of operating line in stripper
Question 211
Molecular diffusion is caused by the
A. Transfer of molecules from low concentration to high concentration region
B. Thermal energy of the molecules
C. Activation energy of the molecules
D. Potential energy of the molecules
Question 212
Pore size of the molecular seive 5A is __________ mm.
A. 5
B. 0.5
C. 0.05
D. 50
Question 213
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The operating line always lies above the equilibrium solubility curve in case of a single component absorber
B. The operating line always lies below the equilibrium solubility curve in case of a single component stripper
C. The operating pressure in solvent extraction system should be below vapor pressures of all components
D. The solubility of a particular gas in ideal solution in any solvent is always the same
Question 214
ADDUCTS' and 'CLATHRATES' are used in case of
A. Extractive distillation
B. Crystallisation
C. Absorption
D. None of these
Question 215
Azeotropic distillation is employed to separate
A. Constant boiling mixture
B. High boiling mixture
C. Mixture with very high relative volatility
D. Heat sensitive materials
Question 216
With increase in temperature, the leaching rate increases due to
A. Decreased liquid viscosity
B. Increased diffusivity
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 217
In the layout plan for a vacuum distillation unit, operating at 60 mm Hg, supported by a barometric condenser, the appropriate place for the location of vacuum drum for collecting the distillate will be
A. At ground level
B. 2 metres above the ground
C. 5 metres above ground
D. 10 metres above ground
Question 218
Lewis number (Le) is
A. Sc x Pr
B. Pr x St
C. Sh x Pr
D. St x Sh
Question 219
Which one of the following devices is not used for both the absorption as well as the liquid-liquid extraction processes?
A. Packed towers
B. Plate towers
C. Spray towers
D. Wetted wall columns
Question 220
The apex of an equilateral-triangular coordinate (in ternary liquid system) represents a/an
A. Pure component
B. Binary mixture
C. Ternary mixture
D. Insoluble binary system
Question 221
In case of non-ideal gases and liquids, the molal diffusivity
A. Varies inversely as the pressure
B. Varies directly as the pressure
C. Is independent of pressure
D. Is equal to the volumetric diffusivity
Question 222
In the desorption of highly soluble gas from the liquid, the main resistance will be in the __________ phase.
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 223
Which is the controlling factor for a drum drier?
A. Diffusion
B. Heat transfer
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 224
Absorption factor is defined as (where, S₁ = slope of the operating line S₂ = slope of the equilibrium curve)
A. S₂/S₁
B. S₁/S₂
C. S₁ - S₂
D. S₁ x S₂
Question 225
Minimum possible diameter of a packed coloumn is decided mainly by the
A. Flooding
B. Gas viscosity
C. Liquid density
D. Liquid hold up
Question 226
In triangular co-ordinates, the ternery composition point falls __________ of the triangle.
A. In the corners
B. Inside
C. On the sides
D. None of these
Question 227
The dew point of a saturated gas phase equals the __________ temperature.
A. Gas
B. Room
C. Wet bulb
D. None of these
Question 228
Which of the following is an undesirable characteristic for the solvent used in gas absorption?
A. Low vapor pressure
B. Low viscosity
C. High gas solubility
D. None of these
Question 229
(NSh/NRe.NSc) is termed in mass transfer operation as the
A. Stanton number
B. Peclet number
C. Thermal diffusivity
D. Momentum diffusivity
Question 230
The velocity, concentration and temperature boundary, for the boundary layer development on a flat plate during connective mass transfer will be same, if
A. NSc = 1
B. NSc = NPr = NLe
C. NPr = NLe
D. NSc = NLe
Question 231
Lewis number, which is important in problems involving simultaneous heat and mass transfer, is the ratio of
A. Mass diffusivity to momentum diffusivity
B. Thermal diffusivity to mass diffusivity
C. Momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity
D. None of these
Question 232
The McCabe Δ L law states that the
A. Molar heats of vaporisation of components are nearly equal
B. Linear crystal growth rate depends on the degree of supersaturation
C. Linear crystal growth rate does not depend on the crystal size
D. Linear crystal growth rate depends on the crystal size
Question 233
McCabe-Thiele method
A. Uses molal units for material and energy balance
B. Uses weight fractions to express liquid and vapour composition
C. Can use any type of units
D. Is more accurate than Ponchan-Savarit method
Question 234
For achieving rapid drying rate in a spray dryer, the diameter of the particles in the feed should be in the range of __________ microns (1 mm = 1000 microns).
A. 1-5
B. 10-60
C. 200-300
D. > 500
Question 235
Molecular distillation is
A. High temperature distillation
B. For heat-sensitive materials
C. Very low pressure distillation
D. Both B and C
Question 236
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. When the concentration difference for the mass transfer becomes zero at the bottom of the gas absorption tower, then the upper end of the operating line touches the equilibrium curve
B. The average distance between the operating line and equilibrium line is large, when the liquid-gas ratio is also large in case of a counter current gas absorption tower
C. The operating line lies above the equilibrium curve in case of a gas desorber
D. With decrease in the liquid flow rate for a fixed gas flow rate, the slope of the operating line decreases, in case of gas absorption process
Question 237
Molecular seives are porous
A. Alumina
B. Silica
C. Synthetic zeolites crystals/metal alumino-silicates
D. None of these
Question 238
Air at a particular humidity is heated in a furnace. The new dew point
A. Decreases
B. Increases
C. Depends on the extent of heating
D. Remain unchanged
Question 239
The vapour pressure exerted by the moisture contained in a wet solid depends upon the
A. Nature of the moisture
B. Temperature
C. Nature of the solid
D. All of the above
Question 240
With increase in gas rate, the number of transfer units, NtoG, for a fixed degree of absorption by a fixed amount of solvent
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Decreases linearly
D. Remains unaffected
Question 241
During bottling of cold drinks (e.g. Pepsi), the main resistance to mass transfer for the absorption of carbon dioxide in water lies in the
A. Gas film
B. Liquid film
C. Liquid-gas interface
D. None of these
Question 242
1 kg of a saturated aqueous solution of a highly soluble component A at 60°C is cooled to 25°C. The solubility limits of A are (0.6 kgA/kg water) at 60°C and (0.2 kgA/kg water) at 25°C. The amount in kg of the crystals formed is
A. 0.4
B. 0.25
C. 0.2
D. 0.175
Question 243
Decoction refers to the use of solvent
A. At ambient temperature
B. At its boiling point
C. In its vapor form
D. None of these
Question 244
Selectivity of the solvent used in solvent extraction should be
A. 1
B. > 1
C. < 1
D. 0
Question 245
If the solubilities of different components (in a liquid-liquid extraction system) increase with rise in temperature, then the temperature above which they dissolve completely is known as the critical solution temperature (CST or consolute temperature). If solubilities increase with decrease in temperature, then CST is the temperature below which they dissolve completely. If a binary system has no critical solution temperature, it implies that
A. The system comprises of partially mis-cible liquids
B. The system comprises of miscible liquids
C. The system comprises of an azeotrope
D. On heating, a vapor phase will appear ; while on cooling, a solid phase will appear
Question 246
The slope of the operating line for a single component co-current absorber when plotted in terms of mole ratio units is
A. 0
B. ∞
C. -ve
D. +ve
Question 247
For the same process conditions, the reflux ratio of an unlagged distillation column
A. Decreases in winter
B. Increases in winter
C. Increases in summer
D. None of these
Question 248
Pick out the wrong statement
A. A horizontal line on the humidity chart indicates the temperature changes at constant molal humidity
B. When water is cooled from 80 to 70°C by exposure to the air with a wet bulb temperature of 60°C, then both the approach & the range would be 10°C
C. For unsaturated air-water vapor mixture at atmospheric conditions, the wet bulb temperature & adiabatic cooling lines are the same
D. Relative saturation of unsaturated mixture of water vapor & air can not be increased by either reducing the mixture temperature or by increasing the total pressure
Question 249
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Packed towers are preferred for vacuum operation, because the pressure drop through the packing is less and they (packings) also lessen the possibility of tower wall collapse
B. Packed towers are preferred over plate towers for handling corrosive and foamy liquids
C. Diameter of randomly packed tower is normally more than 1.2 metres
D. Due to uneven supply and improper distribution of liquid, problem of channeling, loading & flooding is generally encountered in packed towers
Question 250
Water-ethyl alcohal solution can be concentrated (in respect of alcohal concentration) by __________ distillation.
A. Atmospheric
B. Vacuum
C. High pressure
D. None of these
Question 251
The individual mass transfer co-efficients (moles/m² . s) for absorption of a solute from a gas mixture into a liquid solvent are, KL = 4.5 and KG = 1.5. The slope of the equilibrium line is 3. Which of the following resistance (s) is (are) controlling ?
A. Liquid side
B. Gas side
C. Interfacial
D. Both liquid and gas side
Question 252
As the reflux ratio in a distillation coloumn is increased from the minimum, the
A. Slope of the operating line in stripping section decreases
B. Number of plates decreases very slowly first and then more and more rapidly
C. Total cost first decreases and then increases
D. Liquid flow increases while the vapor flow decreases for a system
Question 253
As the reflux ratio, in a continuous counter-current extraction is increased, the number of stages
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Remain unchanged
D. Can either increase or decrease, depends on the system
Question 254
If the path of liquid across the plate is very long as in case of large diameter tower, Murphree efficiency can be __________ percent.
A. 100
B. > 100
C. < 100
D. None of these
Question 255
A binary mixture of benzene and cyclohexane is separated by
A. Flash vaporisation
B. Extractive distillation
C. Solvent extraction
D. Ordinary distillation
Question 256
The relative saturation of an unsaturated mixture of gas and vapor is independent of the
A. Nature of the vapor
B. Temperature of the mixture
C. Composition of the mixture
D. None of these
Question 257
H₂S is being absorbed in a gas absorber unit. The height of the transfer unit based on the overall mass transfer coefficient on the gas side is 0.4 m. The equilibrium data is given by, y = 1.5 x. The bulk concentration of H₂S has to be reduced from 0.05 to 0.001 mole fraction in the gas side. The height of the tower (in metres) corresponding to an operating line given by, y = 5x + 0.001 is
A. 2
B. 1.56
C. 1
D. 0.56
Question 258
Which of the following plays an important role in problems of simultaneous heat and mass transfer?
A. Lewis number
B. Schmidt number
C. Prandtl number
D. Sherwood number
Question 259
In most of the vacuum crystalliser, vacuum is generally produced by means of a
A. Suction pump
B. Compressed air jet
C. Steam jet ejector with a barometric condenser
D. None of these
Question 260
A minimum boiling azeotrope is exemplified by
A. Toluene-benzene
B. Acetone-carbon disulphide
C. Water-isobutyl alcohol
D. None of these
Question 261
Which of the following parameters remains constant during chemical dehumidifica-tion?
A. Dry bulb temperature
B. Partial pressure of vapour
C. Wet bulb temperature
D. None of these
Question 262
Which of the following is not a continuous drier?
A. Drum drier
B. Spray drier
C. Tunnel drier
D. Tray drier
Question 263
As the reflux ratio increases, the slope of the operating line for rectifying section
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains constant
D. Data insufficient, cannot be predicted
Question 264
When a multistage tray tower uses a minimum reflux ratio, it implies
A. Infinite trays and maximum reboiler heat load
B. Infinite trays and minimum reboiler heat load
C. Minimum trays and minimum reboiler heat load
D. Minimum trays and maximum reboiler heat load
Question 265
In case of liquid-liquid binary diffusion, diffusivity of one constituent into another is not dependent on the
A. Temperature and pressure
B. Concentration
C. Nature of the constituents
D. None of these
Question 266
Which of the following operations does not involve leaching?
A. Dissolving gold from ores
B. Dissolving pharmaceutical products from bark or roots
C. Dissolving sugar from the cells of the beet
D. Removing nicotine from its water solution by kerosene
Question 267
Penetration theory relates the average mass transfer co-efficient (K) with diffusivity (D) as
A. K ∝ D
B. K ∝ √D
C. K ∝ D1.5
D. K ∝ D2
Question 268
Which of the following is the most commonly used leaching solvent in vegetable oil industry?
A. Phenol
B. Hexane
C. Furfurol
D. Liquid SO₂
Question 269
Low viscosity absorbent is preferred for reasons of
A. Rapid absorption rates and good heat transfer characteristics
B. Improved flooding characteristics
C. Low pressure drop on pumping
D. All of the above
Question 270
In stripping section of continuous distillation column, the
A. Liquid is stripped of high boiler
B. Liquid is enriched with high boiler
C. Vapour is stripped of low boiler
D. None of these
Question 271
In rectifying section of a continuous distillation column, the
A. Vapour is enriched with low boilers
B. Vapour is enriched with high boilers
C. Liquid is stripped of high boilers
D. None of these
Question 272
Ordinary diffusion process is also called __________ diffusion.
A. Pressure
B. Thermal
C. Concentration
D. Forced
Question 273
A solid material shows case hardening properties while drying. Which of the following should be controlled to control the drying process?
A. Flow rate of inlet air
B. Relative humidity of outlet air
C. Humidity of inlet air
D. Temperature of the solid
Question 274
The main reason for dividing a tall packed tower into series of small towers is to
A. Minimise the overall pressure drop
B. Avoid flooding
C. Reduce liquid hold up
D. Avoid channeling
Question 275
The slope of 9-line is determined by the
A. Reflux ratio
B. Plate efficiency to be achieved
C. Thermal condition of the feed
D. Relative volatility
Question 276
The falling rate period in the drying of a solid is characterised by
A. Increase in rate of drying
B. Increasing temperatures both on the surface and within the solid
C. Decreasing temperatures
D. None of these
Question 277
With the lowering of equiliDrium pressure, at a given temperature, the amount of ad-sorbate on the adsorbent
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains same
D. Either A or B, depends on the system
Question 278
Rate of adsorption increases as the
A. Temperature increases
B. Temperature decreases
C. Pressure decreases
D. Size of adsorbent increases
Question 279
When the liquid over a plate is of uniform concentration, then
A. Murphree efficiency > point efficiency
B. Murphree efficiency < point efficiency
C. Murphree efficiency = point efficiency
D. Murphree efficiency ≠ point efficiency
Question 280
Extraction of coffee from its seed is done by
A. Liquid-liquid extraction
B. Leaching
C. Extractive distillation
D. Steam distillation
Question 281
During drying of a solid, the critical moisture content increases with
A. Decreased drying rate
B. Increased thickness of the solid
C. Increased drying rate
D. Both B and C
Question 282
With increase in temperature, the rate of extraction in leaching (solid-liquid extraction system)
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unaffected
D. Increases Linearly
Question 283
Which of the following is not a batch drier?
A. Truck drier
B. Agitated pan drier
C. Fluidised bed drier
D. Vacuum shelf drier
Question 284
Fenske's equation for determining the minimum number of theoretical stages in distillation column holds good, when the
A. Relative volatility is reasonably constant
B. Mixture (to be separated) shows negative deviation from ideality
C. Mixture (to be separated) shows positive deviation from ideality
D. Multicomponent distillation is involved
Question 285
In case of an ideal solution, the total vapor pressure varies __________ with the composition expressed as mole fraction,
A. Inversely
B. Linearly
C. Exponentially
D. None of these
Question 286
The minimum number of theoretical plates is required for achieving a given separation in distillation column with
A. No reflux
B. Total reflux
C. Zero reflux ratio
D. Minimum reflux ratio
Question 287
In the absorption of ammonia in water, the main resistance to absorption is by the __________ phase.
A. Liquid
B. Gas
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 288
Use of packed towers for distillation is generally limited to the
A. Small sizes
B. Multicomponent distillation
C. High pressure operation
D. Vacuum distillation
Question 289
The value of NA/(NA + NB), for steady state equimolal counter diffusion of two gases 'A' and 'B' is
A. 1
B. ∞
C. 0.5
D. 2
Question 290
Which of the following is used for the concentration of rubber latex?
A. Agitated film evaporator
B. Long tube vertical evaporator
C. Short tube evaporator
D. Calendria
Question 291
Reboiler is considered as one theoretical plate, because
A. Of the assumption that vapour and liquid leaving the reboiler are in equilibrium
B. Vapour is recycled to the column
C. Reboiler itself contains one plate
D. None of these
Question 292
Diffusivity in concentrated solutions differs from that in dilute solutions, because of the changes in
A. Viscosity with concentration
B. Degree of ideality of the solution
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 293
Which of the following is not a continuous leaching equipment?
A. Pachuka tank
B. Kennedy extractor
C. Bollman extractor
D. Hydrocyclones
Question 294
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Cellulose acetate membranes are used in dialysis process
B. Elutriation process refers to when the soluble material is largely concentrated on the surface of an insoluble solid and is simply washed off by the solvent
C. Cascade' means a group of stages interconnected so that various streams flow from one to another
D. Zirconia probe is used for the humidity measurement
Question 295
At what percentage (by volume) of alcohol composition, it forms an azeotrope with water?
A. 90
B. 91.5
C. 95
D. 99
Question 296
Absorption (liquid-gas system) with evolution of heat as compared to isothermal absorption results in
A. Decreased solute solubility
B. Large minimum liquid to gas (L/G) ratio
C. Large number of trays
D. All of the above
Question 297
Which of the following mixtures does not form an azeotrope at atmosheric pressure?
A. Water-alcohol
B. Methyl alcohol-acetone
C. Butyl acetate-water
D. None of these
Question 298
With increase in the mass velocity of the gas, the rate of drying during the constant rate period __________ , if the conduction and radiation through the solid are negligible.
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains same
D. Increases linearly
Question 299
If Rm is the minimum reflux ratio, the optimum reflux ratio may be around __________ Rm.
A. 1.2 to 1.5
B. 2.5 to 3
C. 3 to 4
D. 5
Question 300
Which of the following is a suitable absorbent for removal of H₂S from natural gas?
A. Vetrocoke solution
B. Monoethanol amine (MEA)
C. Dilute
D. Hot water
Question 301
Which of the following solutions will follow Raoult's law most closely?
A. A solution of benzene, toluene and oxylene
B. 35% solution of camphor in water
C. 35% solution of NH₃ in water
D. A solution of polar organic compounds (not of homologs of a series)
Question 302
Wetted wall tower experiment determines the
A. Molal diffusivity
B. Volumetric co-efficient
C. Mass transfer co-efficient
D. None of these
Question 303
Separation of __________ employs gaseous diffusion process.
A. N₂ and O₂ from air
B. Isotopes of uranium
C. Isotopes of helium
D. SO₂ and air
Question 304
A distillation column with N plates is being operated under normal conditions. At some point of time, the operation is shifted to total reflux condition (i.e., no product and residue are being withdrawn and feed to the column is stopped). At the new steady state,
A. Composition of vapors and that of liquid do not vary throughout the column
B. Reboiler load and condenser load are minimum
C. The top and bottom compositions are unchanged with and without total reflux
D. The top and bottom compositions correspond to the maximum enrichment available
Question 305
The most common packing used in industrial operations is __________ rings.
A. Raschig
B. Lessing
C. Cross-partition
D. Single spiral
Question 306
Physical absorption is
A. An irreversible phenomenon
B. A reversible phenomenon
C. Accompanied by evolution of heat
D. Both B & C
Question 307
Pick out the wrong statement
A. Co-current absorbers are usually used, when the gas to be dissolved in the liquid is a pure substance
B. In case of gas absorption, HETP is equal to HTU, when both the operating line & the equilibrium lines are parallel
C. Hatta number is important in case of gas absorption with chemical reaction
D. In actual practice, absorption is an en-dothermic process, while stripping is an exothermic process
Question 308
Plate efficiency
A. Is a function of the mass transfer between liquid and vapour
B. Increases due to foaming
C. Increases due to liquid entrainment
D. Increases due to weeping and dumping of liquid
Question 309
Which of the following processes is not an example of adsorption applied to gaseous separations?
A. Recovery of valuable solvent vapors from dilute mixture with air and other gases
B. Dehumidification of air and gas
C. Removal of objectionable odour and impurities from industrial gases
D. Decolouration of yellow glycerene
Question 310
If f is defined as above, then which of the following applies to a feed at dew point?
A. F = 1
B. F < 1
C. F > 1
D. 0 < f < 1
Question 311
Design calculation for multiple component distillation is done by
A. Ponchon-Savarit method
B. Mccabe-Thiele method
C. Enthalpy concentration method
D. Tray to tray calculations
Question 312
Cox chart, which is useful in the design of distillation column particularly for petroleum hydrocarbons, is a plot of (where, P = vapor pressure, T = temperature)
A. Log P vs . T
B. Log P vs. log T
C. T vs . P
D. P vs . log T
Question 313
In batch distillation with constant reflux, overhead product composition __________ with time.
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Does not vary
D. May increase on decrease, depends on the system
Question 314
Back-trapping in a distillation column
A. Increases tray efficiency
B. Decreases tray efficiency
C. Reduces pressure drop
D. Is desirable, as it provides improved vapour-liquid contact
Question 315
Agitator is provided in a crystalliser for
A. Avoiding deposition on cooler surfaces
B. Formation of nuclei
C. Crystal growth
D. All of the above
Question 316
Chemisorption (chemical adsorption) is
A. Same as "Van der Waals" adsorption
B. Characterised by adsorption of heat
C. An irreversible phenomenon
D. A reversible phenomenon
Question 317
Desirable value of absorption factor in an absorber is
A. 1
B. < 1
C. > 1
D. 0.5
Question 318
Pick out the wrong statement:
A. Reboiler is not used in open steam distillation
B. The separation of solutes of different molecular sizes in a liquid solution by use of a suitable membrane is called dialysis
C. Freeze drying is used for the drying of fish
D. Fenske-Underwood equation is used for calculating theoretical number of plates in a distillation column at normal operating reflux condition
Question 319
Free flowing granular materials can be best dried in a __________ drier.
A. Rotary
B. Cylinder
C. Drun
D. Freeze
Question 320
In an absorption coloumn, the flooding velocity for random packing is __________ that for stacked/regular packing.
A. Greater than
B. Smaller than
C. Equal to
D. Either A, or B ; depends on the type of packing
Question 321
Rotary dryers cannot handle __________ materials.
A. Free flowing
B. Dry
C. Sticky
D. Grannular
Question 322
The unit of volumetric diffusivity is
A. Cm²/sec
B. Cm/sec
C. Cm³/sec
D. Cm²/seC₂
Question 323
Drying of a wet solid under constant drying conditions means the exposure of the wet solid to the air of constant
A. Humidity
B. Velocity
C. Temperature
D. All of the above
Question 324
For stripping of a gas in a counter current stripper, the operating line
A. Lies above the equilibrium curve
B. Lies below the equilibrium curve
C. Can lie above or below the equilibrium curve
D. Is always parallel to the equilibrium curve
Question 325
In an interphase mass transfer process, the lesser the solubility of a given solute in a liquid, the higher are the chances that the transfer process will be
A. Liquid phase resistance-controlled
B. Gas phase resistance controlled
C. Impossible
D. Driven by a non-linear driving force
Question 326
Which of the following equipments is not used for liquid dispersion?
A. Wetted wall towers
B. Packed towers
C. Venturi scrubbers
D. Agitated vessels
Question 327
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the cooling towers.
A. In case of induced draft cooling tower, the fan is placed at the top of the tower
B. Effectiveness of forced draft cooling tower is reduced by the recirculation of the humid and hot discharged air
C. A natural draft cooling tower is recommended to be used, when the air humidity is low and air temperature is also low
D. Effectiveness of a mechanical draft cooling tower is reduced with increase in air wet-bulb temperature
Question 328
With increase in absolute humidity, the dew point of an unsaturated mixture of air and water vapor (at constant pressure and temperature)
A. Increases
B. Remains unchanged
C. Decreases
D. Decreases linearly
Question 329
Tea percolation employs
A. Liquid-liquid extraction
B. Leaching
C. Absorption
D. None of these
Question 330
When an unsaturated air-water mixture is heated at constant pressure, then
A. The partial pressure of water vapour increases
B. The specific humidity decreases
C. The relative humidity increases
D. The relative humidity decreases
Question 331
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to leaching.
A. Fine solids can not be leached in a Pachuka tank
B. Door classifier can be used for leaching of coarse solids
C. Vegetable seeds can be leached in either of Bollman extractor, Rotocel or Kennedy extractor
D. Very high temperature is not needed for the leaching of sugar beet
Question 332
For a ternery mixture, in which equilateral triangular co-ordinate is used in leaching and extraction, a __________ of the equilateral triangular co-ordinates.
A. Binary mixture is represented by the apex
B. Binary mixture is represented by any point inside
C. Ternery mixture is represented by the sides
D. Pure component is represented by the apex
Question 333
The relation among various mass transfer co-efficients (M.T.C) for ideal gases is given by (where, Kc & Km are M.T.C. for equimolar counter diffusion with concentration & mole fraction respectively as the driving force. and, Kp = M.T.C. for diffusion of a gas through a stagnant inert gas with pressure as driving force.)
A. Kc = Kp = Km
B. Kc = Kp/RT = Km . RT/P
C. Kc = Kp . RT = Km . RT/p
D. None of these
Question 334
Which of the following remains constant during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply?
A. Relative humidity
B. Partial pressure of vapour
C. Wet bulb temperature
D. None of these
Question 335
Which of the following increases during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply?
A. Wet bulb temperature
B. Relative humidity
C. Partial pressure of vapour
D. Both B and C
Question 336
Which of the following decreases during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply?
A. Wet bulb temperature
B. Relative humidity
C. Partial pressure of vapour
D. None of these
Question 337
The dew point of an unsaturated gas-vapor mixture does not depend upon the __________ of the mixture.
A. Composition
B. Temperature
C. Total pressure
D. All of the above
Question 338
In a distillation column, with increase in the reflux ratio, the heat removed in the cooler
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unaffected
D. And the heat required in reboiler decreases
Question 339
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. With decrease in feed temperature, the number of plates required for binary distillation decreases for a given L/V ratio
B. The extraction per unit of total height for a short packed column is more effective than for a tall column, in case of liquid-liquid extraction
C. Natural draft cooling towers are made of ferro-concrete and its cross-section is wider at the bottom
D. Vanderwall adsorption is also called chemisorption
Question 340
Out of the following gas-liquid contacting devices, for a given set of operating conditions, gas pressure drop is the least in __________ tower.
A. Wetted wall
B. Bubble cap
C. Perforated tray
D. Packed
Question 341
In liquid extraction, if the selectivity is unity, then
A. Separation of the constituents is the most effective
B. No separation will occur
C. Amount of solvent required will be minimum
D. Solvent flow rate should be very low
Question 342
In McCabe-Thiele method, at infinite reflux ratio
A. The overhead product is minimum
B. Both the operating lines coincide with diagonal
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 343
In Mcabe-Thiele method, at infinite reflux ratio
A. Number of plates is maximum
B. Overhead product is maximum
C. Both the operating lines coincide with the diagram
D. None of these
Question 344
For an absorber, both equilibrium and operating line will be straight for
A. Concentrated solution and non-isothermal operation
B. Dilute solution and non-isothermal operation
C. Dilute solution and isothermal operation
D. Concentrated solution and isothermal operation
Question 345
(NRe . NSc) is termed in mass transfer operation as the __________ number.
A. Stanton
B. Sherwood
C. Peclet
D. None of these
Question 346
Detergent solution is dried to a powder in a
A. Spray dryer
B. Spouted bed dryer
C. Tunnel dryer
D. Pan open to atmosphere
Question 347
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The binary diffusivity in liquids is of the order of 10⁻⁵ cm² /sec
B. Molecular diffusion in solid is much faster than that in liquids
C. Particles movement from higher concentration to lower concentration takes place in diffusion process
D. According to Poiseuille's law, the permeability decreases with increase in temperature for flow of a gas through a given capillary
Question 348
A good solvent used for absorption should not have very high
A. Viscosity
B. Vapor pressure
C. Freezing point
D. All of the above
Question 349
The binary diffusivity in gases at atmospheric conditions is about
A. 10-9 cm/sec
B. 10-1 cm²/sec
C. 10-3 sec/cm
D. 10-4 cm²/seC₂
Question 350
To get high tray efficiency
A. Interfacial surface between liquid and gas phase should be large
B. Time of contact between the two phases should be less
C. Gas velocity should be very low
D. Liquid entrainment should be severe
Question 351
Relative volatility varies with the concentration of component for an ideal solution. The relative volatity of a binary mixture may be defined as the ratio of vapor pressure of component 'A' to that of component 'B', when
A. Only vapor phase follows Raoult's law
B. Only liquid phase obeys Dalton's law
C. Liquid phase obeys Dalton's law and vapor phase obeys Raoult's law
D. Vapor phase obeys Dalton's law and liquid phase obeys Raoult's law
Question 352
For a fixed number of ideal stages in a distillation column, as the reflux ratio is increased, the difference in composition between the top and bottom product streams
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unaffected
D. Passes through a maximum
Question 353
Perforated plate towers are unique for solvent extraction because, they provide
A. Higher contact area
B. Better contact of the phase
C. Repeated coalescence & redispersion of the drop phase
D. None of these
Question 354
Paper industry employs __________ driers.
A. Cylinder
B. Rotary
C. Spray
D. Fluidised bed
Question 355
With increase in temperature, the mutual solubility of two liquids
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. Decreases exponentially
Question 356
For the air water system under ambient conditions, the adiabatic saturation temperature and the wet bulb temperature are nearly equal, because
A. Water has a high latent heat of evaporation
B. Lewis number is close to unity
C. They are always equal under all circumstances
D. Solubility of the components of air in water is very small
Question 357
The-relative volatility for separation of a non-ideal binary mixture by distillation should be
A. 0
B. 1
C. > 1
D. < 1
Question 358
Sodium bicarbonate is produced during soda ash manufacture using a __________ tower.
A. Plate
B. Baffle
C. Packed
D. None of these
Question 359
In which of the following unit operations, the selectivity is an important parameter?
A. Distillation
B. Solvent extraction
C. Absorption
D. None of these
Question 360
Pick out the correct relationship. (where, Ri = internal reflux ratio Ro = external reflux ratio. )
A. (1 + Ro) = Ro/Ri
B. (1 - Ro) = Ro/Ri
C. (1 + Ri) = Ro/Ri
D. (1 - Ri) = Ro/Ri
Question 361
A liquid mixture contains 30% o-xylene, 60% p-xylene and 10%. m-xylene (all percentages in w/w). Which of the following statements would be true in respect of this mixture?
A. The mixture exhibits an azeotrope at 101.3 kPa
B. The composition of the mixture, in percent by volume is: o-xylene 30, p-xylene 60. and m-xylene 10
C. The composition of the mixture in mole percent is: o-xylene 30, p-xylene 60 and m-xyoene 10
D. The mixture contain optical isomers
Question 362
When the feed to a distillation column is a saturated liquid, slope of the feed line is
A. Zero
B. Unity
C. Infinity
D. None of these
Question 363
When the psychometric ratio is __________ then the adiabatic saturation temperature and wet bulb temperature becomes equal.
A. 1
B. < 1
C. > 1
D. ?
Question 364
Raoult's law is applicable to the
A. Ideal solutions
B. Real solutions
C. Mixture of water and alcohol
D. Non-ideal gases
Question 365
Pick out the system with minimum boiling azeotrope at 1 atm.
A. Benzene-toluene
B. Ethyl alcohol-water
C. Hydrochloric acid-water
D. All of the above
Question 366
Pick out the system with maximum boiling azeotrope at 1 atm.
A. Acetone chloroform
B. Ethyl alcohol-water
C. Benzene-ethyl alcohol
D. None of these
Question 367
Leaching of uranium ore and gold ore is done in
A. Centrifugal extractor
B. Pachuka tanks
C. Bollman extractor
D. None of these
Question 368
Acetone is to be removed from air in an isothermal dilute absorber using pure water as solvent. The incoming air contains 5 mole% of acetone (yin = 0.05). The design equation to be used for obtaining the number of trays (N) of the absorber is, N+2 = 6 log (yin/yout).For 98% recovery of acetone, the number of trays required is/are
A. 1
B. 8
C. 9
D. 10
Question 369
The fixed cost of a distillation column at minimum reflux ratio is
A. Minimum
B. Infinite
C. Optimum
D. None of these
Question 370
The operating cost of a distillation column at minimum reflux ratio is
A. Minimum
B. Maximum
C. Infinite
D. Zero
Question 371
Drying operation under vacuum is carried out to
A. Dry those materials which have very high unbound mositure content
B. Reduce drying temperature
C. Increase drying temperature
D. Dry materials having high bound moisture content
Question 372
Unit of molal diffusivity is
A. Cm²/sec gm . mole
B. Gm moles/cm² . sec
C. Gm moles/cm. sec
D. Gm moles/cm². sec
Question 373
__________ temperature is the steady state temperature attained by a small amount of liquid evaporating into a large quantity of unsaturated gas-vapor mixture.
A. Dry bulb
B. Wet bulb
C. Dew point
D. None of these
Question 374
In a counter-current liquid extractor
A. Both liquids flow at fixed rate
B. Both liquids can have any desired flow rate
C. Only one of the liquids may be pumped at any desired rate
D. Liquid's flow rate depends upon the temperature and pressure
Question 375
Equilibrium-moisture curves of different solids
A. Are different
B. Are same
C. Depend on the humidity of the gas
D. None of these
Question 376
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The mass diffusivity, the thermal diffusivity and the eddy momentum diffusivity are the same for NSc = NPr = 1
B. 1 Nm³ of dry air is lighter than 1Nm³ of humid air
C. The Lewis number of a mixture is unity, when the thermal diffusivity is equal to the mass diffusivity
D. An azeotropic mixture of two liquids has boiling point higher than either of them, when it shows negative deviation from Raoult
Question 377
At equilibrium the concentration of water in vapour phase (C*)in kg/m³ of air space and the amount of water (m) adsorbed per kg of dry silica gel are related by, C* = 0.0667m. To maintain dry conditions in a room of air space 100m³ containing 2.2 kg of water vapour initially, 10 kg of dry silica gel is kept in the room. The fraction of initial water remaining in the air space after a long time (during which the temperature is maintained constant) is
A. 0
B. 0.2
C. 0.4
D. 1
Question 378
In a forced draft cooling tower, water is cooled from 95 to 80°F by exposure to air with a wet bulb temperature of 70°F. In this case, the
A. Range is 15°F
B. Approach is 10°F
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 379
During sensible cooling process
A. Relative humidity decreases
B. Relative humidity increases
C. Wet bulb temperature decreases
D. Both B and C
Question 380
Which of these columns incurs the lowest pressure drop?
A. Packed column (with stacked packing)
B. Packed column (with dumped packing)
C. Bubble plate column
D. Pulse column
Question 381
Raschig ring made of procelain cannot be used for treating concentrated
A. Hydrochloric acid
B. Nitric acid
C. Alkalis
D. Sulphuric acid
Question 382
Alcohol is dehydrated using __________ distillation.
A. Extractive
B. Azeotropic
C. Steam
D. Molecular
Question 383
Rose oil is extracted from rose leaves using __________ distillation.
A. High pressure
B. Low pressure
C. Extractive
D. Steam
Question 384
Components, having widely different boiling point in a binary mixture, can be separated using __________ distillation.
A. Molecular
B. Extractive
C. Steam
D. Simple
Question 385
The dimension of diffusivity is same as that of the
A. Density
B. Molal concentration
C. Kinematic viscosity
D. Velocity head
Question 386
A coalescer in a mixer-settler liquid-liquid extraction coloumn
A. Comprises of thin bed of substances of extended surface having high porosity
B. Helps in increasing the bubble size entering the settler
C. Helps in increasing the settling rate of the bubbles
D. All of the above
Question 387
Tower diameter may be decreased by
A. Using higher reflux ratio
B. Use of increased tray spacing
C. Increasing the liquid flow rate
D. Increasing the vapour flow rate
Question 388
In a moderately sized packed absorption tower, channeling (which is most severe with stacked packings) can be minimised by taking the ratio of tower diameter to packing diameter
A. > 4 :1
B. < 8 : 1
C. > 8:1
D. < 6:1
Question 389
Flash distillation is suitable for the separation of components
A. Having very close boiling points
B. Which form maximum boiling azeotrope
C. Having very wide boiling points
D. Which form minimum boiling azeotrope
Question 390
Make up water is required in a cooling tower to replace the water lost by
A. Evaporation
B. Drift
C. Blowdown and leakage
D. All of the above
Question 391
In an absorber, HETP does not vary with the
A. Flow rate of liquid
B. Flow rate of gas
C. Type and size of packing
D. None of these
Question 392
Use of natural draft cooling tower is practised, when the air has low
A. Humidity
B. Temperature
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 393
Raoult's law applies to the
A. All liquid solutions
B. Non-ideal solution only
C. Non-volatile solute
D. Solvents
Question 394
The difference of wet bulb temperature and adiabatic saturation temperature of unsaturated mixture of any system is
A. +ve
B. -ve
C. Zero
D. None of these
Question 395
In distillation columns, the number of bubble caps per tray primarily depends upon the
A. Allowable liquid velocity
B. Allowable gas velocity
C. Allowable gas and liquid velocities
D. Feed composition
Question 396
Gaseous diffusivity at atmospheric pressure is of the order of __________ cm²/second.
A. 1
B. 1 to 5
C. 5 to 10
D. > 10
Question 397
For gas absorption, low viscosity solvents are preferred, because of their
A. Better flow characteristics
B. Low pumping pressure drop
C. Rapid absorption rates
D. All of the above
Question 398
According to the film theory of mass transfer, the mass transfer co-efficient is proportional to (where, D = molecular diffusivity)
A. D
B. D2
C. D0.5
D. 1/D
Question 399
The change in enthalpy, when a unit quantity of gas is absorbed by relatively large quantity of adsorbent (on which a definite concentration of the adsorbed gas already exists) is termed as the
A. Differential heat of adsorption
B. Heat of wetting
C. Integral heat of adsorption
D. None of these
Question 400
Pick out the wrong statement:
A. Change in barometric pressure does not affect the relative humidity
B. In case of a packed tower, the operating velocity is about half of the flooding velocity, generally
C. Elution' means the desorption of the adsorbed solute by a solvent
D. The equilibrium moisture content of the solid can be reduced by increasing the absolute humidity
Question 401
On moving the feed line (q-line) from saturated liquid feed (vertical position) to saturated vapor feed (horizontal feed), if the slope of both the operating lines are to be increased, then it will result in
A. Greater degree of separation with a fixed number of trays
B. Increased reboiler load
C. Increased reflux ratio
D. None of these
Question 402
Steam distillation is not recommended to be used, if the
A. Azeotropic mixture is to be separated and the final product is miscible with water
B. Liquids decompose, if distilled directly at atmospheric pressure
C. Material can not be distilled by indirect heating even under low pressure, because of the high boiling temperature
D. Material to be distilled is thermally unstable or has the tendency to react with other components associated with it, at the boiling temperature
Question 403
Chemisorption compared to physical absorption has
A. Lower adsorption rate
B. Lower capacity of the solvent for the solute gas
C. Increased utilisation of stagnant zones of the liquid phase
D. None of these
Question 404
At a fixed pressure, the humidity depends upon the partial pressure of vapor in the mixture. Humidity of a vapour free gas is __________ percent.
A. 100
B. 0
C. 50
D. Between 0 and 100
Question 405
What is the reflux ratio at total reflux?
A. Zero
B. Infinity
C. Unity
D. Data insufficient
Question 406
The diffusivity (D) in a binary gas mixture is related to the pressure (P) as
A. D ∝ P0.5
B. D ∝ 1/P0.5
C. D ∝ 1/P
D. D ∝ 1/P1.5
Question 407
Which of the following same diameter columns gives lowest pressure drop per unit height?
A. Bubble-cap column
B. Sieve-plate column
C. Packed column (stacked)
D. Randomly packed column
Question 408
Reverse osmosis is also called
A. Dialysis
B. Electrodilysis
C. Diffusion
D. Ultrafiltration
Question 409
Heat sensitive materials like certain pharmaceuticals and food stuffs can be dried in a/an __________ dryer.
A. Indirect tray
B. Spray
C. Freeze
D. None of these
Question 410
Mass transfer co-efficient 'K' according to penetration theory varies with mass dif-fusivity as
A. D0.5
B. D
C. 1/D
D. D1.5
Question 411
For absorbing a sparingly soluble gas in a liquid
A. Gas side mass transfer co-efficient should be increased
B. Liquid side mass transfer co-efficient should be increased
C. Liquid side mass transfer co-efficient should be decreased
D. Mass transfer co-efficient must be kept constant
Question 412
Dried finished product sampled from various parts of a __________ dryer exhibits non-uniformity in the moisture content.
A. Rotary
B. Tray
C. Freeze
D. None of these
Question 413
The equipment used in the extraction of highly corrosive radio active liquids is
A. Pulse column
B. Spray column
C. Mixer settler
D. Baffle tower
Question 414
The value of NA/(NA + NB) for steady state molecular diffusion of gas 'A' through non-diffusing gas 'B' is
A. 1
B. ∞
C. 0.5
D. 2
Question 415
JD factor for mass transfer is a function of Reynolds number. Mass transfer by molecular diffusion from a single drop to surrounding still air is given by
A. Nsh = 2
B. Nst = 2
C. Nsc = 2
D. None of these
Question 416
The minimum liquid rate to be used in an absorber corresponds to an operating line
A. Of slope = 1
B. Ofslope = 0.1
C. Tangential to the equilibrium curve
D. None of these
Question 417
Which of the following is an undesirable property for an absorbing solvent?
A. Low vapour pressure
B. Low velocity
C. Low freezing point
D. None of these
Question 418
The operating line for an absorber is curved, when plotted in terms of
A. Mole fractions
B. Mole ratios
C. Partial pressure
D. Mass fractions
Question 419
In most of the mechanically agitated liquid-liquid extractors, baffles or horizontal compartmental plates are provided, which helps in
A. Reducing the axial mixing
B. Increasing the rate of extraction
C. Maintaining the concentration difference between the two phases
D. All of the above
Question 420
Penetration theory states that the mass transfer co-coefficient is equal to (where, De is diffusivity and 't' is time)
A. (De.t)1/2
B. (De/t)1/2
C. (4De/πt)1/2
D. (4De/t)
Question 421
In paper industry, paper is dried in a __________ dryer.
A. Tunnel
B. Heated cylinder
C. Conveyor
D. Festoon
Question 422
Calcium ammonium nitrate (a fertiliser) is dried in a __________ dryer.
A. Rotary
B. Vacuum
C. Tunnel
D. Tray
Question 423
As per Gilliland's equation, the diffusivity is
A. Directly proportional to 'T1.5'
B. Inversely proportional to 'P'
C. Dependent on the molecular volume & molecular weight of components
D. All of the above
Question 424
H₂S present in naphtha reformed gas is removed by absorbing with
A. Ethanolamine
B. K₂CO₃
C. HCl
D. Vacuum gas oil
Question 425
Pick out the wrong statement. Raoult's law does not apply, when the
A. Size of component molecules are not equal
B. Attractive forces between like and unlike molecules in the solution are approximately equal
C. Component molecules are nonpolar
D. Chemical combination or molecular association between unlike molecules takes place in the formation of solution
Question 426
__________ equation applies to diffusivities in liquids.
A. Gilliland
B. Hirschfelder
C. Wilke and Chang
D. None of these
Question 427
Pick out the wrong statement:
A. Absorption factor is constant, when the equilibrium and operating lines are straight
B. In case of a stripper, the equilibrium curve is always below the operating line
C. In case of an absorber, the operating line is always above the equilibrium curve
D. In the absorption of low solubility gases, the liquid film is the controlling resistance
Question 428
What is the degree of freedom of an absorption process in which only one component is transferred between phases?
A. 3
B. 2
C. 4
D. 1
Question 429
Separation of a mixture of two gases by absorption in the liquid solvent depends upon the difference in their
A. Viscosity
B. Density
C. Solubility
D. Relative volatility
Question 430
Schmidt number is given by
A. Μ/ρDAB
B. Re.Pe
C. Sh x Pe
D. Re/Pe
Question 431
Which of the following unit operations makes use of Thiele-Geddes equation?
A. Liquid-liquid extraction
B. Solid-liquid extraction
C. Multicomponent absorption with chemical reaction
D. Multicomponent distillation
Question 432
Solvent used in extractive distillation
A. Is of low volatility
B. Forms a low boiling azeotrope
C. Forms a high boiling azeotrope
D. Does not alter the relative volatility of the original components
Question 433
Solvent used in extractive distillation
A. Changes the relative volatility of the original components
B. Should be of high volatility
C. Should form azeotropes with the original components
D. All of the above
Question 434
__________ column is used in gas absorption process.
A. Wetted wall
B. Seive/perforated tray
C. Bubble cap
D. Packed
Question 435
High pressure at the bottom of a distillation tower handling heat sensitive materials results in
A. Thermal decomposition of bottoms
B. Increased relative volatility
C. Erosion of the tower
D. Very efficient operation
Question 436
In a counter-current extractor, as the axial mixing increases, the extraction efficiency
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. Depends on the pressure of the system
Question 437
Mass transfer co-efficient of liquid is
A. Affected more by temperature than that for gases
B. Affected much less by temperature than that for gases
C. Not affected by the temperature
D. None of these
Question 438
The rate of mass transfer is not dependent upon the
A. Degree of dispersion of one fluid in the other
B. Interfacial surface exposed between the phases
C. Both A & B
D. None of these
Question 439
Corresponding to Nusselt number in heat transfer, the dimensionless group in mass transfer is the __________ number.
A. Sherwood
B. Schmidt
C. Peclet
D. Stanton
Question 440
Corresponding to Prandtl number in heat transfer, the dimensionless group in mass transfer is the __________ number.
A. Schmidt
B. Sherwood
C. Peclet
D. Stanton
Question 441
The expression, y(1 - x)/x(1 - y) is for
A. Absorption factor
B. Relative volatility
C. Selectivity
D. Murphree efficiency
Question 442
The absorption factor is defined as (where, L = liquid flow rate, G = gas flow rate and, m = slope of the equilibrium line)
A. L/mG
B. G/mL
C. ML/G
D. LG/m
Question 443
When both the fluids flow concurrently in an absorber, the slope of the operating line is
A. - ve
B. + ve
C. 1
D. -1
Question 444
Smoke is an example of
A. Solid dispersed in liquid
B. Solid dispersed in gas
C. Liquid dispersed in gas
D. Gas dispersed in liquid
Question 445
The value of L/mG ratio for economical absorption operation ranges from
A. 0.5 to 0.8
B. 0.8 to 1.2
C. 1.25 to 2.0
D. 2.5 to 3.5
Question 446
Swenson-Walker crystalliser is a __________ unit
A. Continuous
B. Batch
C. Semi-batch
D. Cooling (adiabatic)-cum-evaporation
Question 447
Steam distillation is used to
A. Reduce the number of plates
B. Avoid thermal decomposition of a component
C. Increase the efficiency of separation
D. Increase the total pressure of distillation
Question 448
For water-ethanol system, the minimum reflux ratio
A. Is computed from the slope of the upper operating line that is tangent to the equilibrium curve
B. Is computed from the intercept of the operating line
C. Cannot be computed
D. Is the optimum reflux ratio
Question 449
At what value of reflux ratio, number of theoretical plates in a distillation column is minimum?
A. 0
B. 1
C. ∞
D. < 1
Question 450
Fenske-Underwood equation used for calculating the minimum number of theoretical plates in distillation column is valid for
A. Constant molal overflow
B. Total reflux
C. Constant relative volatility
D. All of the above
Question 451
Steam distillation is used to separate
A. Azeotropes
B. High boiling substances from nonvolatile impurities
C. Heat sensitive materials
D. Mixtures of low relative volatility
Question 452
According to Chilton-Colburn analogy for mass transfer, NSt.NSc2/3 is equal to
A. F
B. F/2
C. 2f
D. 1/f
Question 453
The percentage humidity is less than the relative humidity only at __________ percent humidity.
A. Zero
B. Hundred
C. Both zero and hundred
D. None of these
Question 454
Unsaturated air (with dry bulb temperature and dew point being 35°C and 18°C respectively) is passed through a water spray chamber maintained at 15°C. The air will be cooled
A. And humidified
B. And dehumidified with increase in wet bulb temperature
C. At the same relative humidity
D. And dehumidified with decrease in wet bulb temperature
Question 455
Drift in a cooling tower is
A. The water entrained by the circulating air
B. Dependent on the water lost by evaporation
C. Desirable
D. All of the above
Question 456
Pick out the correct statement.
A. Ponchan-Savarit method is more accurate than McCabe-Thiele method to determine the number of theoretical stages required for the separation of non-ideal binary system by distillation
B. A sharp decrease in pressure drop is an indication of flooding in a distillation coloumn
C. Solvent used in extractive distillation should be of high volatility
D. Flash distillation is suitable for separating components which have very close boiling temperature
Question 457
In the constant rate period of the rate of drying curve for batch drying,
A. Cracks develop on the surface of the solid
B. Rate of drying decreases abruptly
C. Surface evaporation of unbound moisture occurs
D. None of these
Question 458
The suitable evaporator for concentration of foaming liquids is a __________ evaporator.
A. Long tube
B. Short tube
C. Vacuum
D. Falling film
Question 459
At a given equilibrium pressure, with increase in temperature, the concentration of adsorbed gas on solid adsorbant
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. Increases exponentially
Question 460
During dehumidification of unsaturated air wet bulb temperature & partial pressure of vapor are not constant. However, during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply, the __________ remains constant.
A. Wet bulb temperature
B. Partial pressure of water vapor
C. Relative humidity
D. None of these
Question 461
Which of the following liquid-vapor contacting devices provides maximum contact surface area for a particular duty?
A. Sieve plate column
B. Bubble cap column
C. Randomly packed column
D. Wetted wall column
Question 462
It takes 6 hours to dry a wet solid from 50% moisture content to the critical moisture content of 15%. How much longer it will take to dry the solid to 10% moisture content, under the same drying conditions? (The equilibrium moisture content of the solid is 5%).
A. 15 min
B. 51 min
C. 71 min
D. 94 min
Question 463
A pure drug is administered as a sphere and as a cube. The amount of drug is the same in the two tablets. Assuming that the shape and size do not influence the mass transfer, the ratio of rate of dissolution in water at t = 0 for the cubic to spherical tablet is
A. 0.54
B. 1.04
C. 1.24
D. 1.94
Question 464
Sticky material can be dried in a __________ dryer.
A. Tray
B. Rotary
C. Fluidised bed
D. None of these
Question 465
Which of the following gas-liquid contacting devices incurs the least pressure drop for a particular duty?
A. Grid tray tower
B. Perforated tray tower
C. Wetted wall tower
D. Bubble cap tower
Question 466
Heat sensitive materials with very high latent heat of vaporisation may be economically separated using
A. Liquid extraction
B. Distillation
C. Evaporation
D. Absorption
Question 467
The partial pressure distribution of an ideal gas diffusing through another stagnant ideal gas at steady state follows a/an __________ law.
A. Exponential
B. Parabolic
C. Linear
D. Cubic
Question 468
Leaching of coffee from coffee beans is done by
A. Hot water
B. Hexane
C. Lime water
D. Dilute H₂SO₄ (hot)
Question 469
The Hatta number is important in
A. Multicomponent distillation
B. Binary distillation
C. Gas absorption without chemical reaction
D. Gas absorption with chemical reaction
Question 470
Relative humidity is the ratio of the
A. Partial pressure of the vapour to the vapour pressure of the liquid at room temperature
B. Partial pressure of the vapour to the vapour pressure of the liquid at gas temperature
C. Actual humidity to saturation humidity
D. None of these
Question 471
Which of the following is considered equivalent to one theoretical stage in Mc-Cabe Thiele's method?
A. Partial condenser
B. Total condenser
C. Reboiler
D. Both B and C
Question 472
Absorption factor method is used to calculate the number of ideal stages, when
A. Operating line lies above the equilibrium line
B. Operating line lies below the equilibrium line
C. Both operating and equilibrium lines are parallel
D. Pressure drop in the column is very high
Question 473
Berl saddle made of carbon cannot be used for
A. Alkalis
B. SO₂
C. H₂SO₄
D. Oxidising atmosphere
Question 474
During constant rate period, the rate of drying decreases with the
A. Decrease in air temperature
B. Increase in air humidity
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 475
At 750°K and 1 atm, the approximate value of Schmidt number for air is
A. 0.01
B. 0.1
C. 1
D. 10
Question 476
The reason for preferring packed towers over plate towers in distillation practice is that the packed tower operation gives
A. Low pressure drop and high hold up
B. High pressure drop and low hold up
C. Low pressure drop and low hold up
D. High pressure drop and high hold up
Question 477
During constant rate drying period, vaporisation rate per unit drying surface area
A. Decreases with time
B. Increases with time
C. Does not change with time
D. Does not affect the moisture content of the wet solid
Question 478
During the constant rate period of drying of a solid,
A. Increased air humidity decreases the rate of drying
B. Increasing the air temperature decreases the drying rate
C. Surface evaporation of unbound moisture occurs
D. None of these
Question 479
Inside the distillation column, the
A. Driving force for the vapour flow is the pressure drop
B. Liquids are not always at their bubble points
C. Pressure increases gradually from bottom to the top of the column
D. None of these
Question 480
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Critical moisture content is not a property of the material itself
B. A sharp increase in pressure drop gives an indication of the flooding in a distillation column
C. Separation of components is not possible in liquid extraction, if selectivity is unity
D. Dehydration of ethyl alcohol is most economically done by molecular distillation at very high vacuum
Question 481
Plate efficiency in a distillation column is reduced due to the __________ of liquid.
A. Entrainment
B. Foaming
C. Weeping & dumping
D. All of the above
Question 482
With increase in temperature, the rate of leaching increases, because the
A. Diffusivity of solute increases
B. Viscosity of solvent decreases
C. Thermal conductivity of solute increases
D. None of these
Question 483
Stage efficiency in a leaching process depends on the
A. Time of contact between the solid and the solution
B. Rate of diffusion of the solute through the solid and into the liquid
C. Both A & B
D. Vapour pressure of the solution
Question 484
In a distillation operation, what is the effect of the temperature of the reflux stream (given below) on the condenser and reboiler loads? Reflux conditions:(i) Reflux stream is completely liquid and is at its bubble point.(ii) Reflux stream is below its bubble point.
A. Condenser and reboiler loads are the same in both the cases
B. Reboiler load is the same in both the cases but condenser load is higher in case (ii)
C. Condenser load is the same in both the cases but reboiler load is higher in case (ii)
D. Both condensor and reboiler loads are higher in case (ii) as compared to case (i)
Question 485
When the __________ the relative humidity of air decreases, despite an increase in the absolute humidity.
A. Temperature rises
B. Pressure rises
C. Temperature falls
D. Pressure falls
Question 486
Molecular diffusivity of a liquid
A. Increases with temperature
B. Decreases with temperature
C. May increase or decrease with temperature
D. Is independent of temperature
Question 487
Mass transfer co-efficient (K) and diffusivity (D) are related according to film theory as
A. K ∝ D
B. K ∝ √D
C. K ∝ D1.5
D. K ∝ D2
Question 488
Sand is dried in foundaries in a___drier.
A. Rotary
B. Fluidisedbed
C. Vacuum
D. Spray
Question 489
Which of the following adsorbant is used in the refinning of sugar?
A. Bone charcoal
B. Wood charcoal
C. Silica gel
D. Activated clay
Question 490
When the mixture to be distilled has a very high boiling point and the product material is heat sensitive, the separation technique to be used is __________ distillation.
A. Continuous
B. Steam
C. Azerotropic
D. None of these
Question 491
The temperature to which a vapour gas mixture must be cooled (at varying humidity) to become saturated is called the __________ temperature.
A. Dew point
B. Wet bulb
C. Dry bulb
D. None of these
Question 492
Steady state temperature reached by a small amount of liquid evaporating into a large amount of unsaturated vapour-gas mixture is called the __________ temperature.
A. Dry-bulb
B. Wet-bulb
C. Dew point
D. Adiabatic saturation
Question 493
Hypersorption refers to a __________ process.
A. Fixed bed absorption
B. Moving bed absorption
C. Fixed bed adsorption
D. Moving bed adsorption
Question 494
A 25 cm x 25 cm x 1 cm flat sheet weighing 1.2 kg initially was dried from both sides under constant drying rate conditions. It took 1500 seconds for the weight of the sheet to reduce to 1.05 kg. Another 1m x 1m x 1cm flat sheet of the same material is to be dried from one side only.Under the same constant drying rate conditions, the time required for drying (in seconds) from its initial weight of 19.2 kg to 17.6 kg is
A. 1000
B. 1500
C. 2000
D. 2500
Question 495
During drying operation, it is easier to remove the __________ moisture.
A. Equilibrium
B. Critical
C. Unbound
D. Bound
Question 496
Absorption accompanied with chemical reaction is exemplified by the absorption of
A. Ammonia in water
B. Benzol present in coke oven gas by wash oil
C. SO₂ in alkaline solution
D. All of the above
Question 497
In gas-liquid contact operation, the number of ideal stages, N = (xa - xb)/(xb - x*b) . This is true when the stripping factor 'S' is
A. S > 1
B. S < 1
C. S = 1
D. S = ∞
Question 498
The term "approach" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of the
A. Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air
B. Hot water entering the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air
C. Hot water entering and the cooled water leaving the cooling tower
D. None of these
Question 499
For turbulent mass transfer in pipes, the Sherwood number depends on the Reynolds number as
A. Re0.33
B. Re0.53
C. Re0.83
D. Re
Question 500
Make up water is supplied during cooling tower operation to compensate for water losses due to
A. Evaporation
B. Blowdown
C. Entrainment
D. All of the above
Question 501
The Reynolds number of the liquid was increased 100 fold for a laminar falling film used for gas-liquid contacting. Assuming penetrating theory is applicable, the fold increase in the mass transfer co-efficient (Kc) for the same sytem is
A. 100
B. 10
C. 5
D. 1
Question 502
Flash distillation is suitable for separating the constituents of a binary system, which
A. Form minimum boiling azeotrope
B. Have very wide boiling points
C. Have very close boiling points
D. Form constant boiling azeotrope
Question 503
Pick out the wrong statement.
A. Mechanical agitation is required, if the system has low interfacial tension
B. Seive tray towers are generally used for systems having low interfacial tension
C. When Henry's law constant is very small, then the mass transfer rate is controlled by the gas film resistance
D. Taylor-Prandtl analogy for heat and mass transfer considers the transfer through both laminar and turbulent layers
Question 504
Weeping in a distillation column
A. Increases tray efficiency
B. Provides large interfacial surface for mass transfer
C. Results due to very high gas velocity
D. Results due to very low gas velocity
Question 505
Steady state equimolal counter diffusion is encountered in
A. Separation of a binary mixture by distillation
B. Absorption of NH₃ from air by water
C. All liquid-liquid diffusion systems
D. All of the above
Question 506
Steady state equimolal counter diffusion occurs in case of
A. Leaching
B. Absorption
C. Binary phase distillation
D. Liquid-liquid extraction
Question 507
In liquid-liquid extraction, the number of phases at plait point is
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Question 508
An alkaline solution is used to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in a stream from 10% to 0.1% by absorption with irreversible chemical reaction. The overall number of transfer units based on gas phase is
A. 9.21
B. 4.605
C. 100
D. 0.001
Question 509
For a distillation column operating at minimum reflux, the
A. Concentration of liquid and vapour leaving a plate will be same
B. Reflux ratio will be maximum
C. Number of plates required will be maximum
D. None of these
Question 510
The wet and 'dry bulb temperature for a vapour-gas mixture are 25°C and 30°C respectively. If the mixture is heated to 45°C at constant pressure, the wet bulb temperature will be __________ °C.
A. 25
B. > 25
C. < 25
D. -25
Question 511
The Kundsen diffusivity is proportional to (where, T = absolute temperature)
A. √T
B. T²
C. T
D. T⁴
Question 512
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the rotary dryer.
A. Flights (located in the inside shell of rotary dryer) lift the material being dried and shower it down through the current of hot air/gases. It extends from the wall to a distance which is about 8-12%
B. Hold up of a rotary drier is defined as the fraction of the dryer volume occupied by the solid at any instant. The best performance for rotary drier is obtained, when the hold up is in the range of 0.
C. Rotary dryer is suitable for drying sticky material
D. Recommended peripherial speed of a rotary drier is in the range of 10 to 30 metres/minute
Question 513
To remove all the moisture from a wet solid it requires exposure to __________ air.
A. Perfectly dry
B. Highly humid
C. High temperature
D. None of these
Question 514
The critical moisture content in case of drying indicates the __________ rate period.
A. Beginning of falling
B. Beginning of constant
C. End of falling
D. None of these
Question 515
Rayleigh's equation applies to __________ distillation.
A. Continuous
B. Steam
C. Differential
D. Flash
Question 516
When the solvent dissolves very little of solute, then
A. Solvent of low latent heat of vaporisation should be used
B. Solvent of low freezing point should be used
C. Large quantity of solvent is required to extract the solute
D. Very small quantity of solvent is required
Question 517
For __________ drying, the effects of velocity, temperature and humidity of the gas and the thickness of the solid are the same.
A. Unsaturated surface
B. Constant rate
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 518
Ion exchange process is similar to
A. Absorption
B. Adsorption
C. Extraction
D. Leaching
Question 519
Mechanism of moisture removal in case of freeze drying of food stuff is by
A. Evaporation
B. Sublimation
C. Dehydration
D. Adsorption
Question 520
The caking of crystals can be prevented by
A. Maintaining high critical humidity
B. Maintaining low critical humidity
C. Coating the product with inert material
D. Both A and C
Question 521
A plait point is the point on the solubility curve, where the tie line reduces to a point. What is the number of plait point for a ternery system containing twopairs of partially miscible liquids?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Question 522
In a single stage extraction process, 10 kg of pure solvent S (containing no solute A) is mixed with 30 kg of feed F containing A at a mass fraction xf = 0.2. The mixture splits into an extract phase E and a raf-finate phase R containing A at xB = 0.5 and xR = 0.05 respectively. The total mass of the extract phase is (in Kg)
A. 6.89
B. 8.89
C. 10
D. 8.25
Question 523
In case of __________ distillation, a solvent is added to alter the relative volatility of the mixture to be separated.
A. Molecular
B. Azeotropic
C. Extractive
D. Flash
Question 524
Absorption with chemical reaction' is involved in the removal of
A. Carbon dioxide from gaseous stream using alkaline solution
B. Benzol from coke oven gas using solar oil/wash oil
C. Ammonia from coke oven gas using refrigerated water
D. Tar from coke oven gas in primary gas coolers using chilled water
Question 525
Most important factor to be considered in the selection of packings for absorbers is the __________ of packing.
A. Size
B. Durability
C. Porosity
D. Cost
Question 526
Which of the following employs an accessory known as 'drift eliminator' ?
A. Multiple effect evaporator
B. Mechanical draft cooling tower
C. Rotary dryer
D. Rotating disc contactor
Question 527
If f = moles of vapour present per mole of feed, then the slope of feed line is (Mcabe-Thiele method)
A. (1 - f)/f
B. - (f - 1)/f
C. - 1/f
D. - f/(1 - f)
Question 528
The assumption made in Elis method in distillation is that enthalpy concentration lines of vapor and liquid are
A. Parallel
B. Straight
C. Both parallel and straight
D. Neither parallel nor straight
Question 529
__________ column is the most suitable for achieving the best performance for mass transfer operations involving liquid with dispersed solids.
A. Watted wall
B. Packed
C. Plate
D. Spray
Question 530
In a gas-liquid absorption coloumn, for obtaining the maximum absorption efficiency
A. Liquid stream should be distributed uniformly
B. Gas stream should be distributed uniformly
C. Both gas as well as liquid streams should be distributed uniformly
D. By passing should be completely avoided
Question 531
The reflux to a distillation column is 100 moles/hr, when the overhead product rate is 50 moles/hr. The reflux ratio is
A. 2
B. 0.5
C. 50
D. 150
Question 532
In case of binary distillation, increasing the reflux ratio above optimum does not result in the increase of
A. Area between operating line and 45° diagonal x-y diagram
B. Condenser and reboiler surfaces
C. Tower cross-section
D. None of these
Question 533
The ratio of Murphree plate efficiency to point efficiency is always > 1 in a __________ flow model.
A. Plug
B. Perfectly mixed
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 534
Which of the following equipments is not used for gas dispersion?
A. Agitated vessels
B. Bubble cap tray towers
C. Perforated sieve tray towers
D. Spray towers
Question 535
The relation, Sc = Pr = 1, is valid, when the mechanism of __________ ansfer is same.
A. Heat and mass
B. Mass and momentum
C. Heat and momentum
D. Heat, momentum and mass
Question 536
In case of a desorber (stripper), the
A. Operating line always lies above the equilibrium curve
B. Operating line always lies below the equilibrium curve
C. Temperature remains unaffected
D. Temperature always increases
Question 537
In case of an absorber, the operating
A. Line always lies above the equilibrium curve
B. Line always lies below the equilibrium curve
C. Line can be either above or below the equilibrium curve
D. Velocity is more than the loading velocity
Question 538
Dew point of an air-water vapor mixture
A. Decreases with decrease in pressure
B. At constant humidity & total pressure is fixed
C. Corresponding to any point on the humidity chart is obtained by projecting a line through this point parallel to the temperature axis and to the saturation curve
D. All of the above
Question 539
__________ extractor is used for the concentration of radioactive nuclear waste.
A. Pulsed column
B. Seive plate
C. Mixer-settler
D. Ballman
Question 540
Psychrometry deals with the properties of gas-vapor mixture. Humidity can be determined by the measurement of the __________ of a fibre.
A. Electrical resistance
B. Thermal conductivity
C. Strength
D. None of these
Question 541
For ethanol-water system, the lowering of distillate quality from 95% to 92% will cause __________ plate requirement.
A. No change in theoretical
B. Marginal decrease in the number of
C. Major decrease in the number of
D. None of these
Question 542
Overall efficiency of the distillation column is
A. The ratio of number of ideal plates to actual plates
B. The ratio of number of actual plates to ideal plates
C. Same as the Murphree efficiency
D. Always more than the point efficiency
Question 543
A solid is being dried in the linear drying rate regime from moisture content Xo to XF. The drying rate is zero at X = 0 and the critical moisture content is the same as the initial moisture Xo. The drying time for M = (Ls/ARc) is (where, L = total mass of dry solid, A = total surface area for drying Rc = Constant maximum drying rate per unit area X = moisture content (in mass of water/mass of dry solids)
A. M(Xo - XF)
B. M(Xo/XF)
C. M ln(Xo/XF)
D. MXo ln(Xo/XF)
Question 544
The interfacial area per unit volume of dispersion, in a gas-liquid contactor, for fractional hold up of gas = 0.1 and gas bubble diameter = 0.5 mm is given by (in m²/m³)
A. 500
B. 1200
C. 900
D. 800
Question 545
The ratio of Murphree plate efficiency to point efficiency is 1 in a __________ flow model.
A. Plug
B. Perfectly mixed
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 546
__________ is the temperature at which a gas-vapor mixture becomes saturated, when cooled at constant total pressure out of contact with a liquid.
A. Dew point
B. Bubble point
C. Dry bulb temperature
D. Wet bulb temperature
Question 547
Which of the following binary systems is an example of a maximum boiling azeotrope?
A. Water-hydrochloric acid
B. Acetone-carbon disulphide
C. Water-ethyl alcohol
D. N-heptane-n-octane
Question 548
Advantage of continuous drying over batch drying is that the
A. Drying cost per unit weight of dried product is less
B. Product with more uniform moisture content is produced
C. Equipment size required is smaller
D. All of the above
Question 549
Capacity of a rotary dryer depends on its
A. R.p.m
B. Inclination with ground surface
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 550
Channelling in a packed tower results from the
A. High pressure drop
B. Maldistribution of liquid
C. Non-uniformity of packing
D. Both B and C
Question 551
In a liquid-liquid extraction, 10 kg of a solution containing 2 kg of solute C and 8 kg of solvent A is brought into contact with 10 kg of solvent B. Solvent A and B are completely immiscible in each other whereas solute C is soluble in both the solvents. The extraction process attains equilibrium. The equilibrium relationship between the two phases is Y* = 0.9X, where Y* is the kg of C/kg of B and X is kg of C/kg of A. Choose the correct answer.
A. The entire amount of C is transferred to solvent B
B. Less than 2 kg but more than 1 kg of C is transferred to solvent B
C. Less than 1 kg of C is transferred to B
D. No amount of C is tranferred to B
Question 552
Pick out the wrong statement. Generally for physical adsorption, a gas of
A. Higher molecular weight is adsorbed in preference to a gas of low molecular weight
B. High critical temperature is adsorbed in preference to a gas of low critical temperature
C. Low volatility is adsorbed in preference to a gas of high volatility
D. None of these
Question 553
Removal of __________ exemplifies an adsorption unit operation.
A. Uranium from its ore
B. Water from petrol
C. Ammonia from coke oven gas
D. Mustard oil from mustard seed
Question 554
Dew point of a gas-vapour mixture
A. Increases with temperature rise
B. Decreases with temperature rise
C. Decreases with decrease in pressure
D. Increases with increase in pressure
Question 555
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the analogy between equations of heat and mass transfer operations.
A. Sherwood number in mass transfer is analogous to Nusselt number in heat transfer
B. Prandtl number in heat transfer is analogous to Schmidt number in mass transfer
C. Reynolds number in mass transfer is analogous to Grashoff number in heat transfer
D. Reynolds number remains the same in both heat and mass transfer
Question 556
Which of the following is an undesirable property in a tower packing?
A. Large surface per unit volume
B. Large free cross-section
C. Low weight per unit volume
D. Large weight of liquid retained
Question 557
The most economical range of absorption factor is
A. 0 to 0.5
B. 0 to 3
C. 1.25 to 2
D. 5 to 15
Question 558
Co-current absorbers are usually used when the gas to be dissolved in the liquid is
A. Sparingly soluble
B. Highly soluble
C. A pure substance
D. A mixture
Question 559
With increase in temperature, the leaching rate increases because of the
A. Increased diffusivity
B. Decreased viscosity of liquid
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 560
The overall mass transfer co-efficient for the absorption of SO₂ in air with dilute NaOH solution can be increased substantially by
A. Increasing the gas film co-efficient
B. Increasing the liquid film co-efficient
C. Increasing the total pressure
D. Decreasing the total pressure
Question 561
Out of two equilibrium curves, first one lies above the diagonal and the second lies below the diagonal in the x-y plot. It means that separation by distillation is
A. Not possible in the second case unless vacuum is applied
B. Not possible in the second case unless high pressure is applied
C. More readily done in the second case compared to first one
D. None of these
Question 562
The diffusion co-efficient in m² /s. of acetic acid in benzene (liquid in liquid) is
A. 2.09 x 10-4
B. 2.09 x 10-5
C. 2.09 x 10-9
D. 2.09 x 10-12
Question 563
Leaching of coarse solid lumps is also termed as
A. Decoction
B. Dissolution
C. Percolation
D. Agitation and settling
Question 564
The relative saturation of a partially saturated mixture of vapour and gas can be increased by __________ of the mixture.
A. Reducing the total pressure
B. Increasing the total pressure
C. Reducing the temperature
D. Both B and C
Question 565
Critical humidity of a solid salt means the humidity
A. Above which it will always become damp
B. Below which it will always stay dry
C. Both A and B
D. Above Which it will always become dry and below which it will always stay damp
Question 566
Experimental determination of __________ is done by wetted wall column method.
A. Diffusion co-efficient
B. Mass transfer co-efficient
C. NTU
D. None of these
Question 567
The process employing desorption of the absorbed solute by a solvent is called
A. Elution
B. Osmosis
C. Reverse osmosis
D. Sublimation
Question 568
Degree of freedom for leaching and solvent extraction process is
A. 1
B. 3
C. 0
D. 2
Question 569
Powdery materials can be guarded against caking tendency on storage by
A. Providing irregular grain size
B. Providing minimum percentage of voids
C. Having maximum possible points of contact
D. None of these
Question 570
The reciprocal of stripping factor is termed as
A. Selectivity index
B. Relative volatility
C. Absorption factor
D. Murphree efficiency
Question 571
Measurement of the interfacial area of mass transfer is achieved easily & accurately in case of a __________ coloumn.
A. Spray
B. Packed
C. Bubble cap plate
D. Wetted wall
Question 572
When the gas to be dissolved in liquid is a/an __________ then normally co-current adsorber are used.
A. Mixture of two gases
B. Pure gas
C. Ideal gas
D. Sparingly soluble gas
Question 573
Humidity chart is useful for the solution of problems concerning condensation, vaporisation and air conditioning. At a given dry bulb temperature, value of humidity obtained from the humidity chart directly, is in terms of __________ humidity.
A. Molal
B. Relative
C. Percentage
D. None of these
Question 574
Coffee is prepared from coffee beans by leaching with
A. Cold water
B. Hot water
C. Dilute hot caustic solution
D. Naphtha
Question 575
Though, theoretically the adsorption & desorption isotherms is expected to coincide but sometimes at least a part of the isotherms does not coincide and this phenomenon is known as adsorption hysterisis. In such cases, the desorption equilibrium pressure is __________ that obtained for adsorption.
A. Lower than
B. Higher than
C. Same as
D. Either same or higher than
Question 576
Flooding in a distillation column is detected by a sharp
A. Increase in Murphree plate efficiency
B. Decrease in pressure drop
C. Decrease in liquid hold up in the coloumn
D. Increase in pressure drop
Question 577
With increase in the liquid flow rate at a fixed gas velocity in a randomly packed counter current gas-liquid absorption column, the gas pressure drop
A. Decreases
B. Remains unchanged
C. Increases
D. Decreases exponentially
Question 578
Freundlich equation applies to the adsorption of solute from
A. Dilute solutions, over a small concentration range
B. Gaseous solutions at high pressure
C. Concentrated solutions
D. None of these
Question 579
Which of the following is directly concerned with psychrometry?
A. Lewis reltionship
B. Galileo number
C. Weber number
D. Dean number
Question 580
The relative volatility of a binary mixture at the azeotropic composition is
A. 1
B. > 1
C. 0
D. ∞
Question 581
The 'shanks system' of leaching (i.e., counter-current multiple contact leaching) is used for
A. Recovery of tannis from the tree barks and woods
B. Leaching sodium nitrate from Chilean nitrate bearing rock
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 582
Packed column distillation is limited to the column __________ metres.
A. Height < 6
B. Diameter < 0.6
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 583
Which is not concerned directly with mass transfer?
A. Schmidt number
B. Sherwood number
C. Lewis relationship
D. Froude number
Question 584
The mass transfer co-efficient for a solid sphere of radius 'a' dissolving in a large volume of quiescent liquid, in which D is the diffusivity of solute, is
A. D/a
B. D/2a
C. Proportional to √D
D. Dependent on the Reynolds number
Question 585
Calculation of mass transfer co-efficient is mostly/normally done using __________ theory.
A. Surface renewal
B. Film
C. Penetration
D. None of these
Question 586
Inside the distillation columns, the
A. Highest temperatures is near the feed plate
B. Driving force for the liquid flow is its weight
C. Vapors are not always at their dew points
D. All of the above
Question 587
Component A is diffusing in a medium B. The flux NA relative to a stationary point is equal to the flux due to molecular difusion, if
A. Mass transfer is accompanied by reaction
B. Diffusion of A is in stagnant medium B
C. Molecular mean free path is high
D. There is equimolar counter diffusion
Question 588
If moisture content of solid on dry basis is X, then the same on wet basis is
A. X/(X + 1)
B. X/(X - 1)
C. (X + 1)/X
D. (X - 1)/X
Question 589
One mole feed of a binary mixture of a given composition is flash vaporised at a fixed P and T. If Raoult's law is obeyed, then changing the feed composition would effect
A. The product composition but not the fraction vaporised
B. The product composition as well as the fraction vaporised
C. The fraction vaporised but not the product composition
D. Neither the product composition nor the fraction vaporised
Question 590
According to Poiseuille's law, the permeability for gas flow through a capillary is proportional to (where, μ = gas viscosity)
A. μ
B. 1/μ
C. √μ
D. μ²
Question 591
Air initially at 101. 3 kPa and 40°C and with a relative humidity of 50%, is cooled at constant pressure to 30°C. The cooled air has a
A. Higher dew point
B. Higher absolute (specific) humidity
C. Higher relative humidity
D. Higher wet bulb temperature
Question 592
The recovery of pencillin from the acidified fermentation broth is done by
A. Distillation
B. Evaporation
C. Absorption
D. Liquid extraction
Question 593
An aqueous solution of methanol is to be distilled in a tray column. High pressure steam is available as a source of heat. For a given reflux ratio and overhead composition, two options are being explored; (i) a reboiler is used and (ii) no reboiler is used but steam is fed directly to the bottom of the column. As compared to option (i), in option (ii)
A. Less number of trays are required
B. Composition of the residue remains unchanged
C. More number of trays are required but the residue composition remains unchanged
D. More number of trays are required and the residue composition is more dilute in methanol
Question 594
Absorption factor, for a fixed degree of absorption from a fixed amount of gas should be
A. 1
B. > 1
C. < 1
D. ≤ 1
Question 595
The boiling points of pure components of a binary system __________ with increase in total pressure of the system.
A. Decreases
B. Increases
C. Remains unchanged
D. May increase or decrease, depends on the system
Question 596
Polar organic compounds are normally used as separating agents for the azeotropic and extractive distillation. Which of the following is the most important factor to be considered for the choice of the separating agent for extractive distillation?
A. Cost
B. Availability
C. Toxicity
D. Selectivity
Question 597
Humid volume is the total volume in m³ of 1 kg of
A. Vapour laden gas at 1 atm. and room temperature
B. Gas plus its accompanying vapour at 1 atm. and room temperature
C. Gas plus its accompanying vapour at 1 atm. and gas temperature
D. Vapour laden gas at 1 atm. and gas temperature
Question 598
Ponchan-Savarit method analyses the fractional equipment based on
A. Enthalpy balance only
B. Material balance only
C. Both enthalpy and material balances
D. The assumption of constant molaloverflow
Question 599
The cooling effect in a cooling tower can not be increased by
A. Increasing the air velocity over the wet surfaces
B. Reducing the humidity of entering air
C. Lowering the barometric pressure
D. None of these
Question 600
The solvent used in liquid extraction should not have high latent heat of vaporisation, because
A. The pressure drop and hence the pumping cost will be very high
B. It cannot be recovered by distillation
C. Its recovery cost by distillation may be prohibitatively high
D. It will decompose while recovering by distillation
Question 601
The most efficient cooling tower out of the following is
A. Induced draft
B. Forced draft
C. Natural draft
D. Atmospheric
Question 602
For absorbers, high pressure drop results in
A. Increased efficiency
B. Decreased efficiency
C. High operating cost
D. Better gas liquid contact
Question 603
Weight of 1 m³ of humid air as compared to 1 m³ of dry air, under the same conditions, is
A. Less
B. More
C. Same
D. Unpredictable
Question 604
The diffusivity, DAB (for component A diffusing in B) is equal to the diffusivity Dsub>BA (for component B diffusing in A) for a binary mixture of
A. Newtonion liquids
B. Non-Newtonion liquids
C. Ideal gases
D. Real gases
Question 605
For continuous drying of grannular or crystalline material, the dryer used is the __________ dryer.
A. Tunnel
B. Tray
C. Rotary
D. None of these
Question 606
Even though bubble cap towers are very effective for humidification operation, they are not used commonly in industries, because of the
A. High evaporation losses of water
B. High pressure drop of the gas
C. Difficulty in its fabrication
D. None of these
Question 607
Which of the following is the most suitable for extraction in a system having very low density difference?
A. Mixer-settler extractor
B. Centrifugal extractor
C. Pulsed extractor
D. Packed extraction tower
Question 608
Which of the following equipments is not used in liquid-liquid extraction?
A. Pachuka tank
B. Agitated vessels
C. Centrifugal extractors
D. Packed towers
Question 609
Pick out the correct statement.
A. Diffusivity decreases with increase in temperature
B. Diffusivity increases with increase in molecular weight
C. Diffusivity increases with the size of the individual molecule
D. None of these
Question 610
With increase in temperature, the solubility of gases in liquids, at fixed pressure
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains same
D. Either A or B, depends on the system
Question 611
Which of the following processes is followed by unsaturated air (with dry bulb temperature 12°C and relative humidity 47%) passing through water spray washer (temperature of water being constant at 40°C?
A. Humidification only
B. Heating only
C. Both heating and humidification
D. Evaporative cooling
Question 612
Dryer widely used in a textile industry is __________ dryer.
A. Festoon
B. Cylinder
C. Conveyor
D. Tunnel
Question 613
An air-water vapour mixture has a dry bulb temperature of 60°C and a dew point temperature of 40°C. The total pressure is 101.3 kPa and the vapour pressure of water at 40°C and 60°C are 7.30 kPa and 19.91 kPa respectively.The humidity of air sample expressed as kg of water vapour/kg of dry air is
A. 0.048
B. 0.079
C. 0.122
D. 0.152
Question 614
Drying of a solid involves __________ transfer.
A. Only heat
B. Only mass
C. Both heat and mass
D. None of these
Question 615
Laboratory determination of the dif-fusivity of vapor is done by __________ method.
A. Wetted wall column
B. Gilliland's
C. Winkel mann's
D. Wike's
Question 616
A mixture of 10% C₆H₆ vapour in air at 25°C and 750 mm Hg has a dew point of 20°C. Its dew point at 30°C and 700 mm Hg will be around __________ °C.
A. 21.7
B. 20
C. 27.3
D. 18.7
Question 617
For a binary mixture with low relative volatility,
A. Use steam distillation
B. Use molecular distillation
C. Use high pressure distillation
D. An azeotrope may be formed during distillation
Question 618
In continuous distillation, the internal reflux ratio (Ri) and the external reflux ratio (Re) are related as
A. Ri = Re/(1 - Re)
B. Ri = (1 - Re)/Re
C. Ri = Re
D. Ri = Re/(1 + Re)
Question 619
At a fixed total pressure, humidity depends only on the
A. Partial pressure of vapour in the mixture
B. Heat capacity of the vapour
C. Density of the vapour
D. None of these
Question 620
Which of the following is not fixed by the process requirements, in the design of absorbers?
A. Flow rate of the entering gas
B. Composition of the entering liquid
C. Terminal concentrations of gas stream
D. None of these
Question 621
HETP is numerically equal to HTU, only when the operating line
A. Lies below the equilibrium line
B. Lies above the equilibrium line
C. And equilibrium lines are parallel
D. Is far from the equilibrium line
Question 622
If the specific heats of a gas and a vapor are 0.2KJ/Kg.°K and 1.5 KJ/Kg.°K respectively, and the humidity is 0.01; the humid heat in KJ/°Kg. is
A. 0.31
B. 0.107
C. 0.017
D. 0.215
Question 623
The drying time between fixed moisture content within diffusion controlled 'falling rate period' is proportional to (assuming that drying occurs from all surfaces of the solid) (where, T = thickness of the solid )
A. √T
B. T
C. T²
D. T³
Question 624
In case of constant underflow extraction operation, the __________ at all solute concentration.
A. Solids are drained to the same extent
B. Ratio of the insoluble to solution is constant
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 625
The drying time between fixed moisture contents within the 'constant rate period' is proportional to (assuming that drying occurs from all surfaces of the solid) (where, T = thickness of the solid )
A. √T
B. T
C. T1.5
D. T3
Question 626
Binary distillation involves the mass transfer by __________ at the gas-liquid interface.
A. Unidirectional diffusion from liquid to gas phase
B. Unidirectional diffusion from gas to liquid phase
C. Either A or B
D. A counter diffusion at an almost equal molar rate
Question 627
A natural draft cooling tower is filled with wooden grids, which covers about __________ percent of the tower height.
A. 10-15
B. 30-40
C. 70-80
D. 90-100
Question 628
The temperature of water cooled in cooling tower is always __________ temperature of entering air.
A. More than the wet bulb
B. Less than the wet bulb
C. Equal to the wet bulb
D. Equal to the dry bulb
Question 629
Pick out the correct statement.
A. For identical gas flow rates, less pressure drop occurs through a plate tower than through a packed tower
B. Plate column can handle greater liquid loads without flooding than packed column, but the liquid hold up is more in the case of plate column
C. For the same duty, plate columns weigh less than packed columns
D. All of the above
Question 630
__________ developed the film theory.
A. Higbie
B. Fick
C. Ergun
D. Levenspeil
Question 631
On addition of solute in the solvent, the __________ of the solution decreases.
A. Boiling point
B. Freezing point
C. Vapour pressure
D. Both B and C
Question 632
Wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures becomes identical at __________ percent saturation curve.
A. 100
B. 50
C. 78
D. None of these
Question 633
At the same gas flow rate, the pressure drop in a packed tower being irrigated with liquid __________ that in dry packed tower.
A. Is greater than
B. Is lower than
C. Is same as
D. Cannot be predicted as data are insufficient
Question 634
Dry bulb temperature of the gas is __________ the wet bulb temperature.
A. Less than
B. More than
C. Equal to
D. None of these
Question 635
In case of an unsaturated mixture of gas and vapor, the percentage saturation is __________ its relative saturation.
A. Lower than
B. Higher than
C. Equal to
D. Either A or B, depends on the mixture composition
Question 636
Percentage saturation is __________ the relative saturation.
A. Always smaller than
B. Always greater than
C. Not related to
D. None of these
Question 637
In a packed absorption tower, if the equilibrium and operating lines are both straight lines, then the ratio, HETP/HTUOG __________ the absorption factor.
A. Increases with increase in
B. Is one at unity value of
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
Question 638
Operating velocity in a packed tower is usually __________ the flooding velocity.
A. Half
B. Twice
C. Equal to
D. More than
Question 639
Humid volume, at a given temperature is a/an __________ function of humidity.
A. Inverse
B. Exponential
C. Linear
D. Logarithmic
Question 640
Extraction of pencillin employs a __________ extraction coloumn.
A. Centrifugal
B. Packed
C. Plate
D. None of these
Question 641
The relative volatility of a binary mixture at constant temperature __________ the total pressure.
A. Decreases with increase in
B. Increases with increase in
C. Is independent of
D. None of these
Question 642
For the case of flow of air past a wet bulb thermometer (air water vapour system), the approximate value of H₂/ky.Cz is around
A. 0.6
B. 0.24
C. 1
D. 0.72
Question 643
The surface renewal frequency in Danckwerts model of mass transfer is given by (KL: mass transfer co-efficient)
A. √(KL².DA)
B. KL².DA
C. KL²/DA
D. KL/DA²
Question 644
Unsaturated air (with dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures being 45°C and 25°C respectively) is passed through a water spray chamber maintained at 23°C. The air will be cooled and
A. Humidified with wet bulb temperature decreasing
B. Humidified at constant wet bulb temperature
C. Dehumidified
D. None of these
Question 645
Pick out the correct statement.
A. Higher hold up of the solid in the rotary dryer results in better exposure of the solids to the gas
B. The 'Hatta number' is important in problems involving gas absorption without chemical reaction
C. For a non-reacting binary mixture of ideal gases, the partial pressure distribution of both components is linear in the case of steady state equimolal counter-diffusion
D. Total reflux in case of distillation operation requires infinite number of plates for a binary system separation
Question 646
Experiments were conducted to determine the flux of a species A in a stagnant medium across a gas-liquid interface. The overall mass transfer co-efficient based on the liquid side for dilute systems for the above was estimated to be 4 x 10⁻³ kg mole/m².s. The equilibrium data for the system is given as y = 2x. The flux across the interface (in kg mole/m² .s) for bulk concentrations of A in gas phase and liquid phase as y = 0.4 and x = 0.01 respectively is
A. 5.6 x 10⁻⁴
B. 8.5 x 10⁻⁴
C. 5.6 x 10⁻³
D. 8.5 x 10⁻³
Question 647
Small dia distillation column can be a
A. Packed column
B. Sieve tray
C. Bubble cap
D. Any of these
Question 648
Flights in a rotary dryer are provided to
A. Lift and shower the solids thus exposing it thoroughly to the drying action of the gas
B. Reduce the residence time of solid
C. Increase the residence time of the solid
D. None of these
Question 649
Compound A is extracted from a solution of A + B into a pure solvent S. A Co-current unit is used for the liquid-liquid extraction. The inlet rate of the solution containing A is 200 moles of B/hr.m² and the solvent flow, rate is 400 moles of S/m². hr. The equilibrium data is represented by Y = 3X² , where Y is in moles of a A/moles of B and X is in moles A/moles of S. The maximum percentage extraction achieved in the unit is
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 70%
D. 90%
Question 650
Flooding in a vapor-liquid contacting equipment occurs in a tray, when the pressure drop through a tray is __________ the liquid head available in the downcomer.
A. Less than
B. More than
C. Same as
D. Very much less
Question 651
Unsaturated air (with dry and wet bulb temperatures being 35 and 25°C respectively) is passed through water spray chamber maintained at 35°C. The air will be
A. Cooled
B. Humidified
C. Both A & B
D. Dehumidified
Question 652
All moisture in a non-hygroscopic material is the __________ moisture.
A. Free
B. Equilibrium
C. Unbound
D. Bound
Question 653
In physical terms, Schmidt number means
A. Thermal diffusivity/mass diffusivity
B. Thermal diffusivity/momentum diffusivity
C. Momentum diffusivity/mass diffusivity
D. Mass diffusivity/thermal diffusivity
Question 654
In case of liquids, the binary diffusivity is proportional to (where, T = temperature)
A. T
B. √T
C. T²
D. 1/T
Question 655
Which of the following assumes constant molal vaporisation and overflow?
A. McCabe-Thiele method
B. Ponchan-Savarit method
C. Enthalpy concentration method
D. Plate absorption column
Question 656
The wetted wall tower is used to determine
A. Individual mass transfer co-efficient (M.T.C.) in gaseous system
B. M.T.C. of individual components in a liquid-liquid system
C. M.T.C. of liquid in liquid-gas system
D. The overall M.T.C. of the system