Question 1
__________ waveguide is formed when the film is sandwiched by layers of different refractive index.
A. Planar
B. Circular
C. Asymmetric
D. Symmetric
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
When the film is sandwiched between layers of same refractive index, symmetric waveguide is formed. Owing to the different refractive index, asymmetry is observed and hence asymmetric waveguide is formed.
Question 2
___________ waveguides are plagued by high losses.
A. Circular
B. Planar
C. Depleted
D. Metal-clad
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
All suitable waveguide materials are subject to limitations in the confinement. However, metal-clad waveguides are not so limited. Hence, they are plagued by high losses.
Question 3
A passive Y-junction beam splitter is also used as a switch.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
A passive junction beam splitter finds application where equal power division of the incident beam is required. It can be used as a switch if it is fabricated from an electro-optic material.
Question 4
A passive Y-junction beam splitter is fabricated from __________
A. GaAs
B. ZnS
C. AlbS
D. LiNbO3
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A passive Y-junction splitter is used to combine signals from separate sources or to divide a signal into two or more channels. It is fabricated from the waveguide materials such as LiNbO3.
Question 5
Optical fibre communications uses _______ dielectric waveguide structures for confining light.
A. Rectangular
B. Circular
C. Triangular
D. Planar
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The use of circular dielectric waveguide structures is universally acceptable. This has been a boon for optical fibre communications.
Question 6
Passive devices are fabricated by __________ technique.
A. Fassbinder
B. High density integration
C. Radio-frequency sputtering
D. Lithium implantation
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Passive devices’ fabrication comes mainly from microelectronics industry. Radio frequency sputtering is used to deposit thin films of glass onto glass substrates.
Question 7
Planar waveguides are used to produce _______ coupler.
A. MMI
B. CMI
C. Frequency
D. Differential
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
MMI couplers are abbreviated as Multimode interference couplers. These are similar to fused fibre couplers. These are easily produced by using planar waveguides.
Question 8
Propagation losses in slab and strip waveguides are smaller than the single mode fibre losses.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The losses are in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 dB/cm. In case of slab and stripe waveguides, the losses are much higher whereas in case of single-mode fibres, they are much less.
Question 9
Strip pattern in waveguide structures is obtained through ____________
A. Lithography
B. Cryptography
C. Depletion of holes
D. Implantation
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Field strength is an important aspect when it comes to strip patterns in waveguide structures. The electron and laser beam lithography is used to obtain stripe pattern in waveguide structures.
Question 10
The linear variation of refractive index with the electric field is known as the ________
A. Linear implantation
B. Ionization
C. Koppel effect
D. Pockels effect
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The change in refractive index is related by the applied field via the linear and quadratic electro-optic coefficients. The variation of R.I with the electric field is known as Pockels effect.
Question 11
The planar waveguides may be fabricated from glasses and other isotropic materials such as ___________ and ______________
A. Octane and polymers
B. Carbon monoxide and diode
C. Fluorides and carbonates
D. Sulphur dioxide and polymers
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
These materials are isotropic. However, their properties do not affect the fabrication of planar waveguides. Their properties cannot be controlled by external energy sources.
Question 12
What does hff stands for in the equation hff = h+x+x2?
A. Frequency of layer
B. Diameter of curve
C. Effective guide layer thickness
D. Space propagation
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In the above equation, h is the height, x and x2 are the evanescent field penetration depths. hff Denotes the effective guided layer thickness.
Question 13
When the dimensions of the guide are reduced, the number of ___________ also decreases.
A. Propagating nodes
B. Electrons
C. Holes
D. Volume of photons
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The dimensions of the guide are directly proportional to the number of propagating nodes. As the dimensions are reduced, the number of propagating nodes also decreases.
Question 14
Which of the following devices are less widely used in the field of optical fibre communications?
A. Acousto-optic devices
B. Regenerators
C. Reflectors
D. Optical translators
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Acousto-optic devices are less widely used, mainly in the area of field deflection. Regenerators, reflectors form a base for the optical fibre communications.
Question 15
Which of the following materials have refractive index near two?
A. GA As
B. Zinc
C. InP
D. AlSb
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Two basic groups are distinguished on the basis of the respective refractive indices near two and near three. GaAs, InP, AlSb have refractive indices near 3.