Question 1
The absorption of the ophthalmic drug does not depend on which of the following?
A. Physicochemical properties of the permeating molecule
B. Drainage of tears
C. Output of tears
D. Size of the eyeball
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The absorption of the ophthalmic drug across the corneal membrane is a diffusion process and depends largely on the physicochemical properties of the permeating molecule that is the drug. It also depends upon the drainage and output of tears. Drugs of ophthalmic use are such as atropine, local anesthetics, epinephrine, etc.
Question 2
The rate at which monolithic devices transfer drugs to the patient body is proportional to _______________ of time.
A. Square of time
B. The square root of time
C. Twice the time
D. Half the time
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The drug release from the matrix system of the monolithic device is rapid initially and falls as the matrix gets depleted. The rate is thus proportional to the square root of time. The polymers employed for matrix system may be hydrophilic or lipophilic.
Question 3
What are the characteristics of the mixed monolithic-reservoir devices?
A. The drug has a large therapeutic index
B. Drug permeation rate is high
C. The drug-polymer matrix is layered by rate-controlling membrane
D. Administration of emulsions
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
This device has drug release kinetics intermediate between monolithic and reservoir systems. Here the drug-polymer matrix is layered by a rate controlling membrane. The release is controlled initially by the membrane but as the drug gets depleted the rate is controlled by diffusion of the drug.
Question 4
What are the characteristics of the monolithic devices?
A. The drug has a large therapeutic index
B. Aqueous solutions
C. Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
D. Administration of emulsions
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Monolithic devices are used when the rate of drug diffusion from the device is higher than the rate of drug permeation through the stratum corneum. There are two categories of matrix devices one is where the drug is dissolved in the polymer matrix and the other is where the drug is dispersed.
Question 5
What are the characteristics of the reservoir or membrane devices?
A. The drug has a large therapeutic index
B. Drug permeation rate is high
C. Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
D. Administration of emulsions
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
These devices are used when the drug permeation through the stratum corneum is rapid than the rate of drug diffusion from the device. It is suitable for drugs which have low therapeutic indices. When applied on skin it shows rapid release at first and then zero order release as long as the solution inside the reservoir is saturated.
Question 6
Which of the following characteristics is suitable for transdermal drug?
A. Large drug dose
B. Large molecular size
C. Drugs with narrow therapeutic indices
D. Drugs which are metabolized in the skin
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The transdermal route is unsuitable when the drug dose is large when the drug has a large molecular size, the drug is skin sensitizing and irritating. It also becomes a problem when the drug is metabolized in the skin, the drug goes protein binding in the skin, or even if the drug is highly lipophilic or hydrophilic.
Question 7
Which of the following drugs cannot be given as transdermal administration?
A. Drugs with very short half-lives
B. Drugs with narrow therapeutic indices
C. Easy removal and termination
D. Drugs against peptic ulcer
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Transdermal delivery systems are topically administered medications. Drugs with very short half-live example nitro-glycerine are administered as transdermal patches. Drugs with narrow therapeutic indices can be safely administered through transdermal patches. Problems for oral administration are not seen here.
Question 8
Which of the following is false for monolithic devices?
A. The drug used for these devices has large therapeutic indices
B. There are three categories of matrix devices
C. 1st type has the drug dissolved in the polymer matrix
D. 2nd type has drug dispersed
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The drug used in these devices has a large therapeutic index. Such that overdosing does not precipitate toxic reactions. There are two categories of matrix devices one is where the drug is dissolved in the polymer matrix and the other is where the drug is dispersed. The polymer employed for the matrix system may be hydrophilic or lipophilic. These polymers include PVC, PVP, and polysaccharides.
Question 9
Which of the following is false in regarding reservoir devices?
A. These devices are used when the drug permeation rate is rapid
B. The release of the drug is controlled
C. Suitable for low therapeutic indices
D. The drug is contained in a powder form floating on liquid
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The drug is contained in a reservoir as a suspension liquid or gel carrier. The thin polymeric membrane is made up of olefinic polymers or PVC. When applied on skin it shows rapid release at first and then zero order release as long as the solution inside the reservoir is saturated.
Question 10
Which of the following is true for monolithic devices?
A. These devices are used when the drug permeation rate is rapid
B. The release of the drug is controlled
C. Suitable for drugs with large therapeutic indices
D. The drug is contained in a powder form floating on liquid
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The drug used in these devices has a large therapeutic index. The drug release rate from the matrix is rapid initially and then falls as the matrix gets depleted of the drug. The polymer employed for the matrix system may be hydrophilic or lipophilic. These polymers include PVC, PVP, and polysaccharides.